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اثر اکسترود کردن کنجاله سویا و کلزا و کاهش سطح پروتئین خام جیره بر فراسنجه های خونی و جمعیت میکروبی شکمبه گوساله های پرواری | ||
تحقیقات تولیدات دامی | ||
دوره 10، شماره 4، اسفند 1400، صفحه 1-17 اصل مقاله (842.16 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/ar.2022.19997.1631 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
امیر هادی پور1؛ اردشیر محیط* 2؛ حسن درمانی کوهی2؛ فرزاد هاشم زاده3 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری تغذیه دام، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان | ||
2دانشیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان | ||
3استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان | ||
چکیده | ||
هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی اثر کاهش سطح پروتئین خام جیره و افزودن کنجالههای سویا و کلزای اکسترود شده بر فراسنجههای خونی و شکمبهای، جمعیت متانوژنها و باکتریهای با تولید آمونیاک زیاد (HAB) شکمبه گوسالههای پرواری بود. بدین منظور، 36 رأس گوساله نر پرواری در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با شش تیمار و شش تکرار استفاده شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 1) شاهد (کنجاله سویا) (15=CP درصد)، 2) کنجاله سویا (13=CP درصد، 13SBM)، 3) کنجاله سویای اکسترود (13=CP درصد، EXSBM)، 4) کنجاله کلزا (13=CP درصد، 13CM)، 5) کنجاله کلزای اکسترود (13=CP درصد، EXCM)، و 6) پودر ماهی (13=CP درصد، FM) بودند. غلظت آلبومین، پروتئین تام، کراتینین و نیتروژن اورهای خون در تیمارهای آزمایشی نسبت به گروه شاهد، کاهش یافت (05/0>P). بالاترین میزان آمونیاک و استات شکمبه و کمترین میزان پروپیونات و اسیدهای چرب فرار در گروه شاهد مشاهده شد (05/0>P). کمترین جمعیت HAB شکمبه در تیمارهای تغذیه شده با کنجاله سویا و کلزای اکسترود شده و سپس در دیگر تیمارهای با پروتئین پائین بود و در تیمار شاهد بیشترین بود (05/0>P). همچنین تیمارهای دریافت کننده کنجاله سویا و کلزای اکسترود شده دارای جمعیت کمتری از متانوژنها نسبت به گروه شاهد بودند (05/0>P). با توجه به نتایج بهدست آمده، کاهش سطح CP جیره و عمل اکسترود کردن کنجاله سویا و کلزا سبب کاهش جمعیت HAB و آمونیاک شکمبه و اوره خون شد. در ضمن، اکسترود کردن، جمعیت متانوژنها و نسبت استات به پروپیونات را کاهش و موجب افزایش غلظت تام اسیدهای چرب فرار به عنوان شاخصی از بهبود راندمان تخمیر شکمبه، شد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اکستروژن؛ آمونیاک؛ پروتئین؛ گوساله پرواری؛ متان | ||
مراجع | ||
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