تعداد نشریات | 31 |
تعداد شمارهها | 743 |
تعداد مقالات | 7,071 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 10,137,400 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 6,854,784 |
Biochemical responses of some aquatic plants as indicators for the treatment of inorganic nitrogen compounds in wastewater (Case study: Domestic water treatment plant in Babil Governorate, Iraq) | ||
Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences | ||
دوره 19، شماره 5، اسفند 2021، صفحه 1017-1026 اصل مقاله (1.26 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/cjes.2021.5352 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
Nawras Abdul Kareem* ؛ Nuha Falih Kadhim | ||
College of Science, Babylon University, Iraq | ||
چکیده | ||
The current study was conducted to investigate the biochemical response of two plant species including Lemna minor and Ceratophyllum demersum as indicators for the treatment and reducing the concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen compounds in wastewater collected from a domestic water treatment plant in Al-Maamera area in Babil Governorate, Iraq. The experiment included the cultivation of aquatic plants in 20-liter plastic basins, which contain domestic water collected from the sedimentation basins at the station after completing the physical and chemical treatment. Some physical and chemical tests were conducted and the concentrations of some compounds of dissolved inorganic nitrogen were measured by taking the water samples every three days for a period of twenty four days. The current study showed that the pH values were raised to the basal direction when wastewater treated with C. demersum, while the values fluctuated when using L. minor with treatment between low and slight increase at other times. On the other side, the efficiency of the aquatic plants used in current study in decreasing the values of both electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids was weak and was limited to the first days of treatment. The results recorded an increased oxygen concentration when wastewater treated with C. demersum compared to the control which recorded higher concentrations than L. minor. The study showed also that the L. minor and C. demersum have very high efficiency in reducing the inorganic nitrogen compounds. So that, in the case of L. minor, the highest removal rate of nitrite, nitrate and ammonia were 99.36%, 88.04% and 81.25 %, respectively, while in the case of C. demersum, the related rates were 99.36%, 78.8% and 86.6 % respectively. As for the physiological condition of the plants, the results in the current study showed that the total chlorophyll values in L. minor and C. demersum increased after completing the phytoremediation. The MDA content decreased, while CAT enzyme was not affected by both plants. The SOD enzyme was not also affected by L. minor, while a rise in this enzyme was recorded by C. demersum. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
L. minor؛ C. demersum؛ Phytoremediation؛ Defence mechanism | ||
مراجع | ||
Ahangar, IA, Saksena, DN & Mir, MF 2012, Seasonal variation in zooplankton community structure of Anchar lake, Kashmir. Universal Journal of Environmental Research & Technology, 2(4).
Ai-jun, L, Xu-hong, Z, Mei-mei, C & Qing, C 2007, Oxidative stress and DNA damages induced by cadmium accumulation. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 19, 596–602.
Al-Singri, MNF 2011, Testing the efficiency of Reed plant in the primary treatment of polluted water. Tikrit Journal of Pure Science, 16: 123-127.
Al-Wahaibi, MBH 2007, The phenomenon of accumulation of heavy elements in plants. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Volume 14(2(.
American Public Health Association 1976, Standard method for the examination of water and waste water, 13th Ed. New York.
APHA 2003, Standard Methods for examination of water and waste water. American Public Health Association, 20th Edition, Washington DC, USA.
APHA 2012, Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association, 22nd Ed, Washington DC, USA.
Bekele, M 2018, Phytoremediation of tannery waste water using horizontal sub surface flow constructed wetland. MSc. Dissertation, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University.
Cao, T, Xie, P, Ni, LY, Zhang, M & Xu, J 2009, Carbon and nitrogen metabolism of an eutrophication tolerative macrophyte, Potamogeton crispus, under NH4+ stress and low light availability. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 66: 74-78
Caraco, N, Cole, JC, Findlay, S & Wigand, C 2006, Vascular plants as engineers of oxygen in aquatic systems. Bioscience, 56: 219-225.
Cedergreen, N, and Madsen, TV 2002, Nitrogen uptake by the floating macrophyte Lemna minor. New Phytologist, 155: 285292.
Chimney, MJ, Wenkert, L & Pietro, KC 2006, Patterns of vertical stratification in a subtropical constructed wetland in south Florida (USA). Ecological Engineering, 27: 322-330.
Christensen, PB, Revsbech, NP & Sand-Jensen, K 1994, Microsensor analysis of oxygen in the rhizosphere of the aquatic macrophyte Littorella uniflora (L.). Ascherson Plant Physiology, 105: 847-852.
Crites, R & Tchobanoglous, G 1998, Small and decentralized wastewater management systems, McGraw-Hill, Singapore.
Dian, L, Linglei Z, Min C, Xiaojia H, Jia, L, & Ruidong, AN 2018, Defence mechanisms of two pioneer submerged plants during their optimal performance period in the bioaccumulation of lead, A comparative study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15
Dongke, Y 2012, Evaluation of effluent organic nitrogen and its impacts on receiving water bodies. MSc. Dissertation, University of Massachusetts.
Foroughi, M, Najafi, P, Toghiani, A & Honarjoo, N 2013, Nitrogen removals by Ceratophyllum Demersum from wastewater. Journal of Residuals Science and Technology, 10: 63-68.
Fujita, M 2006, Crosstalk between abiotic and biotic stress responses: a current view from the points of convergence in the stress signalling networks. Current opinion in plant biology, 9: 436-442
Galloway, JN & Cowling, EB 2002, Nitrogen and the world. Ambio, 31: 64-71.
Gao, J, Ma , N, Zhou, J , Wang, W, Xiong, Z, Obono Mba, F & Chen, N 2012, Peroxidation damage and antioxidative capability of Ceratophyllum demersum under NH4-N stress. Journal of Freshwater Ecology, 27: 539-549
Hanfeng, X, Qiling, T & Chengxiao, H 2010, Structural and metabolic responses of Ceratophyllum demersum to eutrophic conditions. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9: 5722-5729.
Jiang, C, Chen, H, Zhang, Y, Feng, H, Shehzad, MA, Wang, Y & Xu, T 2018, Complexation electro-dialysis as a general method to simultaneously treat wastewaters with metal and organic matter. Chemical Engineering Journal, 348: 952-959.
Kanabkaew, T & Puetpaiboon, U 2004, Aquatic plants for domestic wastewater treatment: Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) and Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) systems. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 26: 750-756.
Korner, S & Vermaat, J E 1998, The relative importance of (Lemna gibba) bacteria and algae for the nitrogen and phosphorus removal in duckweed-covered domestic waste water. Water Research, 32: 3651-3661.
Kuschk, P, Wiessner, A, Kappelmeyer, U, Weissbrodt, E, Kästner, M & Stottmeister, U 2003, Annual cycle of nitrogen removal by a pilot-scale subsurface horizontal flow in a constructed wetland under moderate climate. Water Research, 37: 4236-4242.
Landesman, L, Fedler, C & Duan, R 2011, Plant nutrient phytoremediation using duckweeds.” Chap. 17 in Eutrophication: causes, consequences and control, edited by AA, Ansari, SS, Gill, GR, Lanza & W, Rast, 341354. Berlin, Springer, Rouse, JD.
Landolt, E, Lueoend, A & Kandeler, R 1987, Biosystematic investigations in the family of duckweeds (Lemnaceae) = Biosystematische Untersuchungen in der Familie der Wasserlinsen (Lemnaceae). Veroeffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Institutes der Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule, Stiftung Ruebel; Heft 70, 71, 80, 95. ETH, Zuerich.
Large, ARG, Pabon, G & Amoros, C 1996, Primary production and primary producers. In Petts, G E & C, Amoros (Eds.), Fluvial Hydrosystems. Chapman & Hall, London, 117-136.
Lawson, EO 2011, Physico-chemical parameters and heavy metal contents of water from the Mangrove Swamps of Lagos London, Lagos, Nigeria. Advances in Biological Research, 5: 08-21.
Lefsrud, MG & Kopsell, DA 2005, Air temperature affects biomass and carotenoid pigment accumulation in kale and spinach growm in a controlled environment. HortScience, 40: 2026-2030.
Liu, O, Mamcl , KM & Tuovinen, OH 2000, High fat waste-water remediation. 8th International Symposium on Animals, Agriculture and Food processing Waste, 242-248.
Mackinney, G 1941, Absorption of light by chlorophyll solutions. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 140: 315-322.
Marklund, S & Marklund, G 1974, Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. European journal of biochemistry, 47: 469-474.
Masclaux-Daubresse, C, Daniel-Vedele, F, Dechorgnat, J, Chardon, F, Gaufichon, L & Suzuki, A 2010, Nitrogen uptake, assimilation and remobilization in plants: challenges for sustainable and productive agriculture. Annals of Botany, 105: 1141–1157.
Misra, N & Gupta, AK 2006, Effect of salinity and different nitrogen sources on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and indole alkaloid content in Catharanthus roseus seedlings. Journal of plant physiology, 163: 11-18.
Morgan, MD, Moran, JM & Wiersma, JH 1993, Environmental science: Managing biological resources (Vol. II). Dubuque: Wm C Brown.
Nordin, A, Högberg, P & Näsholm, T 2001, Soil nitrogen form and plant nitrogen uptake along a boreal forest productivity gradient. Oecologia, 129: 125-132.
Parsons, TR, Maita, Y & Lalli, CM 1984, A manual of chemical and biological methods for seawater analysis. Pergamon, Oxford sized algae and natural seston size fractions. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 199: 43-53.
Patel, DK & Kanungo, VK 2010, Phytoremediation potential of Duckweed (Lemna minor L: A tiny aquatic plant) in the removal of pollutants from domestic wastewater with special reference to nutrients. Bioscan, 5: 355-358.
Peierls, B & Paerl, H 1997, Bioavailability of atmospheric organic nitrogen deposition to coastal phytoplankton. Limnology and Oceanography, 42: 1819-1823.
Reddy, KR, D’Angelo, EM & DeBusk, TA 1989, Oxygen transport through aquatic macrophytes: the role in wastewater treatment. Journal of Environmental Quality, 19: 261-267.
Sarvari, E, Cseh , E, Blczer , T, Szigeti, Z, Zaray, G & Fodor, F 2008, Effects of Cd on the iron re-supply induced formation of chlorophyll – protein complexes in cucumber. Acta Biologica Szegediensis, 52: 183-186.
Selvarani, AJ, Padmavathy, P, Srinivasan, A & Jawahar, P 2015, Performance of Duckweed (Lemna minor) on different types of wastewater treatment. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2: 208-212.
Suhad, AA, Almuktar, AN, Abed, SN & Scholz M 2018, Wetlands for wastewater treatment and subsequent recycling of treated effluent: A review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25: 23595-23623.
Taha, NT, Ahmed, H & Qasim, TI 2011, A test of the efficacy of Lemna spp. in reducing zinc and iron concentrations from wastewater when increasing biomass. Baghdad Journal of Science, 8: 471-477.
Thompson, PA, Waite, AM & Mcmahon, K 2003, Dynamics of a cyanobacterial bloom in a hypereutrophic, stratified weir pool. Marine and freshwater Research, 54: 27-37.
Tlidjen, S, Meksem, AL, Bouchlaghem, S, Sbartai, H & Djebar, MR 2012, Oxidative stress in Elodea canadensis and Lemna minor exposed to Calliofop 36EC. Global Journal of Biodiversity Science and Management, 2: 29-37.
USEPA 1999, Constructed wetlands treatment of municipal wastewaters. PA/625/R/99/010. Cincinnati, Ohio.
Vega-Mas, I 2017, Elevated CO2 induces root defensive mechanisms in tomato plants when dealing with ammonium toxicity. Plant and Cell Physiology, 58, 2112–2125.
Verla, AW, Verla, EN, Amaobi, CE & Enyoh, CE 2018, Water pollution scenario at Uramurukwa River flowing through Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific Research, 3: 40-46
Vitousek, PM, Aber, JD, Howarth, RW, Likens, GE, Matson, PA, Schindler, DW, Schlesinger, WH & Tilman, DG 1997, Human alterations of the global nitrogen cycle: sources and consequences. Ecological Applications, 7: 737-750.
Wang, C, Zhang, SH, Wang, PF, Hou, J, Li, W & Zhang, WJ 2008, Metabolic adaptations to ammonia-induced oxidative stress in leaves of the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara. Aquatic Toxicology, 87: 88-98.
Wang, PF, Wang C, Wang, XR, Hou, J & Zhang, SH 2008, The effect of hydrodynamics on nitrogen accumulation and physiological characteristics of Vallisneria spiraslis L in eutrophicated water. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7: 2424-2433.
Weber-Scannell, PK & Duffy, LK 2007, Effects of total dissolved solids on aquatic organisms: a review of literature and recommendation for salmonid species, American Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 3: 1-6.
Wendeou, SPH, Aina, MP, Crapper, M, Adjovi, E & Mama, D 2013, Influence of salinity on duckweed growth and duckweed based wastewater treatment system. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 5: 993-999.
Wetzel, RG & Likens, GE 2000, Composition and biomass of phytoplankton. In: RG, Wetzel& GE, Likens (Eds.), Limnological analyses, 3rd Edition, Springer, New York, 147-154.
Williams, JB, May, E, Ford, MG & Butler, JE 1994, Nitrogen transformations in gravel bed hydroponic beds used as a tertiary treatment stage for sewage effluents. Water Science and Technology, 29: 29-36.
Xiaoyun, FU & Xingyuan, HE 2015, Nitrogen and phosphorus removal from contaminated water by five aquatic plants. International Conference on Mechatronics, Electronic, Industrial and Control Engineering (MEIC 2015), 1274-1277.
Xie, Y 2015, Heme-hemeoxygenase 1 system is involved in ammonium tolerance by regulating antioxidant defence in Oryza sativa. Plant Cell and Environment 38: 129-143.
Zacheo, G, Cappello, MS, Gallo, A, Santino, A & Cappello, AR 2000, Changes associated with post-harvest ageing in almond seeds. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 33: 415-423.
Zengin, FK & Munzuroglu, O 2005, Effects of some heavy metals on content of chlorophyll, proline and some antioxidant chemicals in Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seedlings." Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica, 47: 157-164.
Zhang, DQ, Jinadasa, KB, Gersberg, RM, Liu, YY, Ng, WJ & Tan, SK 2014, Application of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in developing countries-A review of recent developments (2000-2013). Journal of Environmental Management, 141:116-131.
Zhang, L, Wang, S, Jiao, L, Zhao, H, Zhang, Y & Li, Y 2013, Physiological response of a submerged plant (Myriophyllum spicatum) to different NH4Cl concentrations in sediments. Ecological Engineering, 58: 91-98.
Zhang, T, Lu, Q, Su, C, Yang, Y, Hu, D & Xu, Q 2017, Mercury induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and activation of antioxidative system and Hsp70 induction in duckweed (Lemna minor). Ecotoxicology and Environment Safety, 143: 46-56 | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 697 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,049 |