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بررسی تطبیقی قدرت نرم روسیه و آمریکا در قفقاز جنوبی | ||
سیاست جهانی | ||
مقاله 8، دوره 8، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 27، خرداد 1398، صفحه 229-259 اصل مقاله (1.05 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/wp.1970.3507 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
علی امیدی* 1؛ احسان فلاحی2؛ طیبه برخورداری ناغانی3 | ||
1گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه اصفهان | ||
2دانشگاه اصفهان- دانشجو | ||
3دانشجو | ||
چکیده | ||
در عصر جهانی شدن، قدرت نرم همگام با قدرت سخت در تامین منافع ملی کشورها تاثیر گذار است. ماحصل ترکیب این دو نوع قدرت بر اساس نظریه جوزف نای قدرت هوشمند است. لذا روسیه و آمریکا ضمن رقابت های سخت افزاری، در حوزه قدرت نرم نیز رقیب محسوب می گردند. رقابت مذکور اگرچه منحصر به ناحیه ای خاص نمی گردد اما در مناطق ژئواستراتژیکی چون قفقاز جنوبی حائز اهمیتی دوچندان است. زیرا با گسترش نفوذ نرم امکان بهره برداری بلند مدت از منافع سیاسی و اقتصادی برای قدرت های بزرگ آسان تر خواهد شد. با چنین وصفی، بدیهی است که روسیه و آمریکا در صدد اعمال قدرت نرم خویش در قفقاز باشند. مقاله پیش رو با استفاده از روش مقایسه ای به این سئوالات پاسخ می دهد که مسکو و واشنگتن جهت اعمال قدرت نرم خود در قفقاز جنوبی از چه ابزارهای استفاده می کنند؟ و چه تفاوت ها و شباهتهایی با یکدیگر دارند؟ برای پاسخ به این پرسش ها از نظریه قدرت نرم جوزف نای استفاده شده است. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که «قدرت نرم آمریکا دارای عناصر سیاسی، فرهنگی و اقتصادی با ابعاد جهانی است ولی قدرت نرم روسیه بیشتر دارای ابعاد فرهنگی-تاریخی و با شعاع منطقه ای است. قدرت نرم در آمریکا صبغه مدنی داشته، ولی در روسیه بیشتر ماهیت دولتی دارد.» لذا نحوه اعمال قدرت نرم این دو کشور در قفقاز جنوبی متفاوت است. روش گردآوری داده ها در این مقاله به صورت منابع کتابخانه ای و اسنادی است | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
قدرت نرم؛ سیاست خارجی؛ روسیه؛ آمریکا؛ قفقاز جنوبی | ||
مراجع | ||
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