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پاسخ جوانهزنی بذرهای خرفه (Portulaca oleracea) حاصل از گیاه مادری تغذیه شده با منابع مختلف کودی تحت سمیت کادمیوم | ||
علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران | ||
مقاله 6، دوره 3، شماره 3، مهر 1395، صفحه 59-73 اصل مقاله (1.31 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سیفاله فلاح* 1؛ بهجت عمرانی2؛ آرزو اسپنانی3 | ||
1دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
2دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
3دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
چکیده | ||
آلودگی منابع آبی و خاک با فلزات سنگین مانند کادمیوم سبب کاهش جوانهزنی و رشد بذور گیاهان رشد یافته تحت این شرایط میشود. از اینرو تغذیه مطلوب گیاه مادری نقش عمدهای در ایجاد بذور با قابلیت جوانهزنی بهتر دارد. در این پژوهش پاسخ جوانهزنی بذرهای حاصل از گیاه خرفه تغذیه شده با کود مرغی و کود شیمیایی تحت سمیت کادمیوم، بهصورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 4 تکرار مورد بررسی واقع شد. تیمارها شامل سه سطح بذر گیاه مادری خرفه تحت شرایط تغذیهای مختلف (کود مرغی، کود شیمیایی و شاهد) و چهار غلظت کادمیوم (صفر، 20، 40، 60 و 80 میلیگرم بر لیتر) بودند.در این آزمایش صفات سرعت و درصد جوانهزنی ، طول ساقهچه، طول ریشهچه، وزن خشک ساقهچه، وزن خشک ریشهچه و شاخص بنیه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت کادمیوم، شاخصهای جوانهزنی در تیمارهای کودی کاهش یافت. درصد جوانهزنی در تیمار کود مرغی روند خاصی را دنبال نکرد و ضریب سرعت جوانهزنی تنها برای کود شیمیایی دارای رابطه رگرسیونی معنیدار بود. اما طول ساقهچه و ریشهچه، وزن ریشهچه و بنیه بذر، بهصورت تابع درجه دو کاهش یافتند. علاوه بر این وزن خشک ساقهچه تنها در تیمار کود شیمیایی بهصورت درجه دو کاهش یافت. طول ریشهچه، حساسترین شاخص به سمیت کادمیوم بود، چرا که در مقایسه با سایر پارامترها، در کلیه تیمارها با شیب تندتری کاهش نشان داد. بهطور کلی نتیجهگیری میشود که کیفیت بذور گیاهان تغذیه شده با کود مرغی برای کشت در شرایط خاکهای با احتمال آلودگی کادمیوم، بیشتر از کودهای شیمیایی است که این امر برتری تولید بذر در شرایط ارگانیک را نشان میدهد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ارگانیک؛ آلودگی کادمیوم؛ بنیه بذر؛ کود مرغی | ||
مراجع | ||
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