تعداد نشریات | 31 |
تعداد شمارهها | 748 |
تعداد مقالات | 7,108 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 10,240,261 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 6,897,865 |
ارزیابی کاربرد کود نیتروژن و تلقیح بذر با ازتوباکتر و آزوسپریلیوم بر عملکرد، سرعت و دوره پر شدن دانه ذرت رقم سینگلکراس 500 | ||
علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران | ||
مقاله 1، دوره 3، شماره 1، فروردین 1395، صفحه 1-15 اصل مقاله (1.12 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
رئوف سید شریفی* 1؛ زهره زارع زاد2؛ مرتضی برمکی1؛ اکبر عبدی2؛ رضا سید شریفی1 | ||
1اعضای هیأت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی | ||
2دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور ارزیابی کاربرد کود نیتروژنه و تلقیح بذر با ازتوباکتر و آزوسپریلیوم برعملکرد، سرعت و دوره پر شدن دانه ذرت رقم سینگلکراس 500، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1389 در مزرعه مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. عوامل مورد بررسی مقادیر کود نیتروژنه در چهار سطح ( صفر، 60، 120 و180 کیلوگرم در هکتار از منبع اوره) بهترتیب بهصورت N1, N0 ، N2و N3و تلقیح بذر با کودهای زیستی(آزوسپریلیوم لیپوفروم استرینOF، ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم استرین 5 و عدم تلقیح با باکتری بهعنوان شاهد) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین کارایی مصرف نیتروژن (13/35 کیلوگرم در کیلوگرم) در سطح کودی60 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار و کمترین آن (37/23 کیلوگرم در کیلوگرم) در سطح کودی 180 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار بهدست آمد. تلقیح بذر با کودهای زیستیموجب افزایش کارایی مصرف کود نیتروژن نسبت به عدم تلقیح بذر شد. مقادیر کود نیتروژنه و تلقیح بذر با کودهای زیستیتأثیر معنیداری بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه داشت. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (3/9313 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، حداکثر وزن دانه (31/0 گرم)، سرعت (0089/0 گرم در روز) و دوره مؤثر پر شدن دانه (37/54 روز) در کاربرد 180 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار در تلقیح بذر با آزوسپریلیوم بهدست آمد. از این رو بهمنظور افزایش عملکرد دانه، سرعت و دوره مؤثر پر شدن دانه میتوان پیشنهاد نمود که 180 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار در تلقیح بذر با آزوسپریلیوم بهکار برده شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
دوره پر شدن دانه؛ ذرت؛ عملکرد؛ کود نیتروژنه؛ کودهای زیستی | ||
مراجع | ||
Afifi, M.H., Manal, F.M. and Gomaa, A.M. 2003. Efficiency of applying biofertilizers to maize crop under different levels of mineral fertilizers. Annual Agricultural Science, 41 (4): 1411-1420. (Journal) Andrade, F.H. and Ferreior, M.A. 1996. Reproductive growth of maize, sunflower and soybean at different source levels during grain filling. Field Crops Research, 48: 155-165. (Journal) Anjum, M.A., Sajjad, M.R., Akhtar, N., Qureshi, M.A., Iqbal, A., Jami, A.R. and Hasan, M. 2007. Response of cotton to plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) inoculation under different levels of nitrogen. Agricultural Research,45: 135-143. (Journal) Bundy, G.L. and Carter, P.R. 1988. Corn hybrid response to nitrogen fertilization in northern corn belt. Journal of Production and Agriculture, 1 (2): 99-104. (Journal) Chen, J. 2006. The combined use of chemical and organic fertilizers and or biofertilizer for crop growth and soil fertility, International Workshop on Sustained management of the Soil- Rhizospher System for Efficient Crop Production and Fertilizer use, October, 16-20, Thailand, pp. 11. (Conference) Cho, D.S., Jong, S.K., Park, Y.K. and Son, S. 1987. Studies on the duration and rate of grain filling in rice (Oryza sativa L.). I. Varietal difference and effects of nitrogen. Korean Crop Science, 32(1): 103-111. (Journal) Cirilo, A.G. and Andrade, F.H. 1996. Sowing date and kernel weight in maize. Crop Science, 36: 325-331. (Journal) Daynard, T.B., Tannar, J.W. and Duncan, W.G. 1971. Duration of the grain filling period and its relationship to grain yield in corn (Zea mays L.). Crop Science,11: 45-48. (Journal) De Juan, J.A., Maturano, M., Artigao Ramirez, A., Tarjuelo Martin-Benitol, J.M. and Ortega Alvarez, J.F. 2005. Growth and nitrogen use efficiency of irrigated maize in a semiarid region as effected by nitrogen fertilization. Spanish Journal of Agricultyral Research, 3(1): 134-144. (Journal) Dobbelaere, S., Vanderleyden, J. and Yaacov Okon, Y. 2003. Plant growth promoting effects of diazotrophs in the rhizosphere. Plant Science, 2: 107-149. (Journal) Dorarach, B.A. and Baker, R.J. 1990. Grain filling in three spring wheat genotypes. Crop Science, 30: 525-529. (Journal) Ellis, R.H. and Pieta-Filho, C. 1992. The development of seed quality in spring and winter cultivars of barely and wheat. Seed Science, 2: 19-25. (Journal) El-Sheikh, F.T. 1998. Effect of soil application of nitrogen and foliar application with manganese on grain yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.) proc. 8th Conf. Agron., SuezCanal Univ., Ismailia, Egypt, 28-29 Nov. pp:174-181. (Conference) Fageria, N.K. and Baligar, V.C. 2005. Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants. Advance Agronomy, 88: 97-185. (Journal) Fakorede, M.A.B. and Mock, J. 1980. Growth analysis of maize variety hybrids obtained from two recurrent selection programmers for grain yield. New Phytologists, 85: 393-408. (Journal) Gholami, A., Shahsavani, S. and Nezarat, S. 2009. The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on germination, seedling growth and yield of maize. Proceedings of Word Academy of Science. Engineers of Technology, 37: 2070-3740. (Journal) Goodroad, L.L. and Jellum, M.D. 1998. Effect of N fertilizer rate and soil pH on efficiency in corn. Plant and Soil, 106: 85-89. (Journal) Greef, J.M. 1994. Productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) in relation to morphological and physiological characteristic under varying amount of nitrogen supply. Crop Science, 172: 317-326. (Journal) Hardas, G. and Aragiaanne-Hrestous, M.K. 1985. Long term fertilizer trail in the Kopais area with a two-year rotation of maize and wheat.I: The effect of N.P. and K. application on yield. Georgike Ereuna, 9: 81-90. (Journal) Kamprath, E.L., Moll, R.H. and Rodringuez, H. 1980. Effect of nitrogen fertilization and recurrent selection on performance of hybrid populations of corn. Agronomy Journal. 74: 955-958. (Journal) Kato, T. 1999. Genetic invironmental variations and association of the characters related to the grain filling processing rice cultivars. Plant Production Science, 2(1): 32-36. (Journal) Kennedy, I.R., Choudhury, A.T. and Kecskes, M.L. 2004. Non-symbiotic bacterial diazotrophs in crop-farming systems: Can their potential for plant growth promotion be better exploited? Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36: 1229-1244. (Journal) Manske, G.B., Luttger, A., Behi, R.K., Vlek, P.G. and Cimmit, M. 2000. Enhancement of mycorrhiza (VAM) infection, nutrient efficiency and plant growth by Azotobacterchroococcum in wheat. Plant Breeding, 13: 78-83. (Journal) Murchie, E.H., Yang, J., Hubbart, S., Horton, P. and Peng, S. 2002. Are there associations between grain-filling rate and photosynthesis in the flag leaves of field-grown rice? European Science, 53: 2217-2224. (Journal) Olesen, J.E., Rasmussen, I.A. and Askegaard, M. 2008. Nitrogen use efficiency of cereals in arable organic farming. 16th IFOAM Organic World Congress, Modena, Italy, June 16-20. (Conference) Pal, S.S. 1998. Interaction of an acid tolerant strain of phosphate solubilizing bacteria with a few acid tolerant crops. Plant Soil, 198: 169-177. (Journal) Ronanini, D., Savin, R. and Hall, A.J. 2004. Dynamic of fruit growth and oil quality of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) exposed to brief interval of high temperature during grain filling. Field Crop Rersearch,83: 79-90. (Journal) Roesti, D., Gaur, R., Johri, B.N., Imfeld, G., Sharma, S., Kawaljeet, K. and Aragno, M. 2006. Plant growth stage, fertilizer management and bioinoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria affect the rhizobacterial community structure in rain fed wheat fields. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38: 1111-1120. (Journal) Samira, M., Hussein, A., Haikeland, M.A. and El-Masry, A. 1998. Effect of some preceding crops, hill spacing and nitrogen fertilization on yield attributes and grain yield of maize under reclaimed sandy soil conditions in East Delta. proc. 8th Conf. Agron., Suez Canal Univ., Ismailia, Egypt, 28-29Nov. pp: 174-181. (Conference)
Sanchez, E., Rivero, R.M., Ruzi, J.M. and Romero, L. 2004. Yield and biosynthesis of nitrogenous compounds in fruits of green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.C.V. strike) in response to increasing N fertilization. Journal of Science and Food Agriculture, 84: 575-580. (Journal) Sanjeev, K. and Bangarwa, A.S. 1997. Yield and yield components of winter maize (Zea mays L.) as influenced by plant density and nitrogen levels. Agricultural Science, 17: 181-184. (Journal) Seyed Sharfi, R. and Hokmalipour, S. 2010. Forage Crop. University of Mohaghegh Ardabili and Amidi Tabriz press. 422 pp.(In Persian) (Book) Sharma, A.K. 2003. Biofertilizers for sustainable agriculture. Agrobios, India. (Book) Shokat, K., Singh, R., Sharma, R.K. and Singh, M. 1996. Effect of P, Zn, Fe, CaCo3 and farm yard manure application on yield and quality of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Agronomy Science, 12: 267-272. (Journal) Singh, G. 2005. Biofertilizer an eco-friendly fertilizer for the reclamation of over burden dum., National Biofertilizer Development Center, Govt, of India, Ministry of Agriculture. (Book) Spiets, J.H. and Vos, J. 1985. Grain growth of wheat and its limitation by carbohydrate and nitrogen supply. Crop Science, 36: 541-549. (Journal) Tollenaar, M. 1977.Sink–source relationships during reproductive development in maize. A review, Maydica, 22: 49-85. (Journal) Tollenaar, M. and Daynard, B. 1982. Effect of source: sink ratio on dry matter accumulation and leaf senescence of maize. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 62: 855-860. (Journal)
Torbert, H.A., Potter, K.N. and Morrison, J.E. 2001. Tillage system, fertilizer nitrogen rate and timing effect on corn yields in the Texas Blackland prairie. Agronomy Journal, 93: 1119-1124. (Journal) Tsuno, Y., Yamaguchi, T. and Nakano, J. 1994. Potential dry matter production and grain filling process of rice plant from the viewpoint of source-sink relationships and the role of root respiration in its relationship. Bull. Facu. Agric Tottori Uni. 47: 1-10. Wu, S.C., Cao, Z.H., Li, Z.G. and Cheung, K.C., 2005. Effect of biofertilizer containing N-fixer, P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth: a green house trial. Geoderma, 125: 155-166. (Journal) Yamaguchi, T., Tsuno, Y., Nakano, J. and Miki, K. 1995. Influence of nitrogen content on grain weight at the early ripening stage and relationship between root respiration and leaf area per spikelet of rice plants. Agronomy Journal, 33: 251-258. (Journal) Yazdani, M., Pirdashti, H., Esmaili, M.A. and Bahmanyar, M.A. 2010. Effect of inoculation phosphate solubilization microorganisms (PSM) and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on nutrient use efficiency in corn (Zea mays L.) cultivation. Electronic Journal of Crop Production, 3 (2): 65-80. (In Persian) (Journal) Zahir, A.Z., Arshad, M. and Khalid, A. 1998. Improving maize yield by inoculation wit plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Pakistan Journal of Soil Science, 15: 7-11. (Journal) Zahir, A.Z., Arshad, M. and Frankenberger, W.F. 2004. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Advance Agronomy, 81: 97-168. (Journal) Zaidi, A. and Mohammad, S. 2006. Co-inoculation effects of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms and Glomus fasciculatum on green gram-bradyrhizobium symbiosis. Agricultural Science, 30: 223-230. (Journal) | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,274 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,107 |