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Evaluation of chemical and biological consequences of soil sterilization methods | ||
| Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 5، شماره 2، تیر 2007، صفحه 87-91 اصل مقاله (130.85 K) | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| S. Razavi darbar | ||
| Soil Science Department, Agricultural Collage, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Mashhad, | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Sterilized soils are commonly used for the study of xenobiotic sorption and as an abiotic control in biodegradation experiments. They are also used for the chemical study of nitrogen and carbon cycle processes and the elimination of the biological factors. In this research the effects of different soil sterilization methods such as autoclaving, fumigating and exposure to ultraviolet and microwave irradiation on soil chemical and biological properties (soil acidity, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, optical density, extractable carbon and nitrogen and colony forming unit) were examined under laboratory conditions. All the sterilization methods significantly (at P<0.05) decreased pH and increased electrical conductivity (EC), optical density (OD), extractable carbon and nitrogen as compared to non-sterilized soil samples. The results showed that autoclaving method was the most effective method in eliminating soil microorganisms and ultra violet irradiation was the less effective one. These induced changes were likely due to release of soluble organic acids from humic materials and dead microorganisms. REFERENCES Dalal, R.C. (1979) Simple processor for the determination of total carbon and its radioactivity in soils and plant materials, Analyst. 104, 151-154. Dao, T.H., Marx, D.B., Lavy, T.H. and Dragun, J. (1982) Effect, and statistical evaluation, of soil sterilization on analine and diuron adsorption isotherms. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 46, 963-969. Davidson, E.A., Eckert, R.W., Hart, S.C. and Firestone, M.K. (1989) Direct extraction of microbial biomass nitrogen from forest and grassland soils of California. Soil Bio. Biochem. 21, 773-778. Islam, K.R. and Weil, R.R. (1998) Microwave irradiation of soil for routine measurement of microbial biomass carbon. Biol. Fertile. Soils. 27, 408-416. Negre, M., Gennri, M., Crecchio, C. and Ruggiero, P. (1995) Effect of ethylene oxide sterilization of soil organic matter spectroscopic analysis and adsorption of acifuorfen. Soil Science. 159, 199-206. Nutter, G.M. (1957) Soil sterilization practices in turf. USGA Journal and Turf management. pp. 25-27. Pace, G.M., Mackown, C.T., and Volk, R.J. (1982) Minimizing nitrate reduction during kjeldhal digestion of plant tissue extracts and stem exudates. Plant Physiology. 69, 32-36. Powlson, D.S. and Jenkinson, D.S. (1985) Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil nitrogen: the effect of fumigation time and temperature. Soil Bio. Biochem. 17, 831- 835. Puri, G. and Barraclough,D. (1993) Comparison of 2450 MHz microwave radiation and chloroform fumigation-extraction to estimate soil microbial biomass nitrogen using N-labeling. Soil Bio. Biochem. 25, 521- 522. Salonius, P.O., Johnson, J.B. and Chase, F.E. (1967) A comparison of autoclaved and gamma-irradiated soils as media for microbial colorization experiments. Pl. Soil 27, 239-248. Shaw, L.J. (1999) Re-inoculation of autoclaved soil as a non-sterile treatment for xenobiotic sorption and biodegradation studies. Soil Eco. J. 11, 217-220. Trevors, J.T. (1996) Sterilization and inhibition of microbial activity in soils. Journal of Micobiol. Methods. 26, 53-59. Vance, E., Brookes, P.C. and Jenkinson, D.S. (1987) Microbial biomass measurements in forest soils, the use of the chloroform fumigation incubation method in strongly acid soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 19, 697-707. Wang, W.J., Dalal, R.C. and Moody, P.W. (2001) Evaluation of the microwave irradiation method for measuring soil microbial biomass. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 65, 1700-1702. Wolf, D.C., Dao, T.H., Scott, H.D. and Lavy, T.L. (1989) Influence of sterilization methods on selected microbiological, physical and chemical properties. Environ. Qual. J. 18, 39-44. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Autoclaving؛ Colony forming unit؛ Fumigation؛ Microwave irradiation؛ Soil sterilization؛ Ultraviolet irradiation | ||
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