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خواص حشره کشی اسانس های زنیان و زیره سبز روی شپشه برنج، Sitophilus oryzae: سمیت تدخینی، فعالیت ضدتغذیه ای و تاثیر در فراسنجه های زیستی و جمعیتی | ||
تحقیقات آفات گیاهی | ||
دوره 15، شماره 1، خرداد 1404، صفحه 1-15 اصل مقاله (1.12 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/iprj.2025.29459.1620 | ||
نویسنده | ||
عسگر عباداللهی* | ||
گروه علوم گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
شپشه برنج، Sitophilus oryzae (L.)، یکی از خطرناکترین آفات دانه های غلاتی مانند برنج، گندم، جو و ذرت در ایران و بسیاری از کشورهای جهان است. در پژوهش حاضر، فعالیت های حشره کشی اسانس های زیره سبز و زنیان روی شپشه برنج بررسی شد. بررسی اجزای شیمیایی اسانس ها نشان داد که بتا-پینن، کومین آلدهید، سایمن و گاما-ترپینن در اسانس زیره سبز و سایمن، تیمول، گاما-ترپینن و آلفا-پینن در اسانس زنیان ترکیبات غالب بودند. مقادیر LC50 24 ساعته اسانس های زیره سبز و زنیان به ترتیب 89/100 و 48/172 میکرولیتر بر لیتر برآورد شد. تیمار حشرات کامل شپشه برنج با مقادیر LC30 اسانس های زیره سبز و زنیان (به ترتیب 28/74 و 31/130 میکرولیتر بر لیتر) باعث افزایش معنی دار طول دوره رشد و نمو پیش از بلوغ آفت شد. دوره پیش از تخمگذاری افراد بالغ و کل دوره پیش از تخمگذاری تحت تاثیر اسانس ها افزایش معنی داری نسبت به گروه شاهد داشت. زادآوری و طول عمر حشرات کامل نر و ماده و همچنین فراسنجه های جمعیتی آفت شامل نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r)، نرخ خالص تولید مثل (R0)، نرخ ناخالص تولید مثل (GRR) و نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت (λ) تحت تاثیر اسانس ها کاهش یافت. شاخص های تغذیه ای آفت هم شامل شاخص مصرف، نرخ مصرف نسبی و نرخ رشد نسبی تحت تاثیر مقادیر LC30 اسانس های زیره سبز و زنیان کاهش پیدا کرد. بنابراین، اسانس های زیره سبز و زنیان به عنوان آفت کش های طبیعی کارآمد و دوستدار محیط زیست در راستای جایگزینی با ترکیبات شیمیایی خطرناک در مدیریت شپشه برنج برای انجام بررسیهای تکمیلی پیشنهاد میشوند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آفت انباری؛ اثرات زیرکشندگی؛ حشرهکشهای گیاهی؛ سمیت | ||
مراجع | ||
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