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مشروعیت اقدامات سازمان ملل متحد در دوران همهگیری کووید-19 | ||
سیاست جهانی | ||
مقاله 1، دوره 13، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 47، خرداد 1403، صفحه 7-34 اصل مقاله (803.03 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/wp.2024.26949.3326 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
نسرین مصفا* 1؛ رامین کیانی2 | ||
1استاد روابط بین الملل، گروه روابط بین الملل، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
2کارشناس ارشد روابط بین الملل، گروه روابط بین الملل، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
از زمان گسترش ویروس کرونا، سازمان ملل متحد و سازمان بهداشت جهانی مرکز توجه همه جهانیان شدند. سازمان بهداشت جهانی، مطابق با مقررات بهداشت بینالمللی اعلام نمود که شیوع بیماری با معیارهای بهداشت عمومی مطابقت دارد و کرونا یک تهدید مشترک جهانی است. با شیوع گسترده ویروس کرونا و بحرانهای ناشی از آن، سوالات و مسائل مختلفی در رابطه با مشروعیت و عملکرد نظام ملل متحد و توانایی آن برای مقابله با این بحران جهانی مطرح گردید. پژوهش حاضر با اخذ روش توصیفی ـ تحلیلی به بررسی مشروعیت اقدامات و تصمیمات سازمان ملل متحد و سازمان بهداشت جهانی در مواجهه با بحران کرونا از زمان برقراری وضعیت اضطراری بهداشت عمومی تا خاتمه یافتن آن وضعیت پرداخته است. این پژوهش به دنبال پاسخ به این سوال است که آیا نظام ملل متحد از مشروعیت لازم برای مدیریت و غلبه بر همهگیری کووید-19 برخوردار بود؟ این مطالعه استدلال میکند که در طول همهگیری کووید-19 علیرغم همه انتقادات اولیه به صحت رویه و اقدامات سازمان ملل متحد و سازمان بهداشت جهانی، حمایت گستردهای از ضرورت و اهمیت وجود این نهادها صورت گرفته است که خود تا حد زیادی از باور عمیق به مشروعیت ابزاری این نهادها، یعنی هدف و غیرقابل جایگزینی بودن آنها نشات میگیرد. در واقع هر چند در اوایل شیوع ویروس کرونا مشروعیت سازمان ملل متحد با چالشهایی رو به رو شد اما ادامه یافتن بحران و شکست رویکردهای یکجانبهگرایانه از یک سو، و عملکرد سازمان ملل متحد و سازمان بهداشت جهانی از سوی دیگر، منجر به تقویت مشروعیت آنها گردید. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
سازمان ملل متحد؛ بحرانهای نوین جهانی؛ مشروعیت؛ حکمرانی جهانی؛ کووید-19 | ||
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