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بررسی اثر چند حشره کش گیاهی و عصاره فرموله شده Sophora pachycarpa روی شپشک آردآلود چای Pseudococcus viburni در شرایط آزمایشگاه | ||
تحقیقات آفات گیاهی | ||
دوره 14، شماره 1، خرداد 1403، صفحه 1-17 اصل مقاله (1.02 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/iprj.2024.26642.1560 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
آمنه اسدی1؛ محمد قدمیاری* 1؛ سمر رمزی جهرمی2 | ||
1گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
2موسسه علوم باغبانی سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، لاهیجان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
شپشک آردآلود چای Pseudococcus viburni (Signoret) یکی از آفات مهم باغ های چای و مرکبات در استان های شمال ایران است. در تحقیق حاضر اثر چند حشره کش با پایه گیاهی و فرمولاسیون میکروامولسیون عصاره برگ و ریشه Sophora pachycarpa روی شپشک چای در شرایط آزمایشگاهی به روش غوطه وری برگ بررسی شد. میزان LC50 حشره کش های ماترین، عصاره فلفل قرمز، اسانس دارچین و سیر، روغن چریش، صابون روغن نارگیل، روغن کرچک، عصاره فرموله شده برگ و ریشه گیاه S. pachycarpa و اسپیرومسیفن روی حشرات کامل شپشک آردآلود چای به ترتیب 2157، 1538، 2825، 5608، 4746، 6585، 4493، 5357 و 2676 میلی گرم ماده فرموله شده /لیتر محاسبه شد. همچنین میزان LC50 حشره کش های فوق روی پوره سن سوم این حشره به ترتیب 2188، 1555، 2809، 5559، 4703، 5842، 3457 ، 5195 و 1856 میلی گرم ماده فرموله شده/ لیتر محاسبه شد. آزمون های زیست سنجی نشان داد که بیشترین کارایی متعلق به حشره کش های عصاره فلفل قرمز، ماترین و اسانس دارچین و سیر بود. تیمار پوره های سن سوم شپشک آردآلود چای تیمار شده با حشره کش های گیاهی مورد آزمایش، فعالیت آنزیم های سم زدا از جمله آلفا- و بتا- استرازها، استیل کولین استراز، گلوتاتیون اس-ترانسفراز(GST) و سامانه MFO را تحت تاثیر قرار داد. حشره کش های عصاره فلفل قرمز، اسانس دارچین و سیر و عصاره فرموله شده برگ S. pachycarpa سبب کاهش فعالیت آنزیم های آلفا-استرازها شدند. از آنجا که عصاره فلفل قرمز، ماترین و اسانس دارچین و سیر مرگ و میر قابل ملاحظه ای روی پوره ها و حشرات کامل شپشک آردآلود چای داشتند، این حشره کش ها می توانند در مدیریت تلفیقی شپشک آردآلود چای مدنظر قرار گیرند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آفت کش های گیاهی؛ آنزیم های سم زدا؛ سمیت؛ عصاره تلخه بیان | ||
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