تعداد نشریات | 31 |
تعداد شمارهها | 748 |
تعداد مقالات | 7,112 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 10,246,226 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 6,899,900 |
قابلیت انطباق مجازات اشخاص حقوقی با اصول سنتی حاکم بر مجازاتها در نظام حقوقی ایران با رویکردی به نظامهای کیفری آمریکا و انگلستان | ||
پژوهشنامه حقوق کیفری | ||
دوره 15، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 29، تیر 1403، صفحه 179-191 اصل مقاله (855.41 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/jol.2024.25563.2406 | ||
نویسنده | ||
امین نیکومنظری* | ||
دکتری حقوق کیفری و جرم شناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
همواره مخالفین مسئولیت کیفری اشخاص حقوقی، عدم انطباق مجازات اشخاص حقوقی با اصول حاکم بر مجازات مانند اصول فردی کردن و شخصی بودن مجازاتها را بهعنوان یکی از دلایل مخالفت خود عنوان میکردند. این موضوع متأثر از آن است که آنان همواره وجودی مستقل از شخص حقیقی برای اشخاص حقوقی قائل نبودند. در نوشتار حاضر با رویکرد تحلیلی - توصیفی، انطباق اصول حاکم بر مجازات با وضعیت اشخاص حقوقی در سه نظام کیفری ایران، انگلستان و آمریکا بررسی شده است. این اصول، در سه دسته کلی اصول ناظر به جرم، مجازات و مرتکب جرم دستهبندی شده و موضوعات مربوط به هرنظام در ذیل آن آورده شده است. تحلیل مذکور گویای این امر است که باوجود ادعای مخالفین، اصول مذکور قابلیت انطباق با وضعیت اشخاص حقوقی در اکثر موارد در هر سه نظام حقوقی را دارا می باشد؛ از این روی دلیل مخالفین در این بخش قوت کافی ندارد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اشخاص حقوقی؛ مجازات؛ اصول ناظر به جرم؛ اصول ناظر به مجازات؛ اصول ناظر بر مجرم | ||
مراجع | ||
Abdollahi, Afshin and Biabani, Nadia. " Subordinate Penalties of Legal Entities and Rehabilitation from these Punishments" Criminal Law Research Journal, 13th year, No. 1, Spring and Summer 2022, 10.22124/JOL.2021.17388.1970, [In Persisn]. Anderson M, James, Waggoner, Ivan, The Changing Role of Criminal Law in Controlimg Corpoate Behavior, Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif, 2014 Ardabili, Mohammad Ali. "Public Criminal Law." Mizan Publications, Volume 2, 2021, [In Persisn]. Bechler, A, Imagining How a Company Thinks: What is Corporate Culture?, Deakin Law 11,2006, doi.org/10.21153/dlr2006vol11no2art234. Coffee, John, Corporate Crime and Punishment (The Crisis of Underenforcement, Director of the Center on Corporate Governance at Columbia University Law School, BK Publisher, 2020. Diskant, EB, Comparative Corporate Criminal Liability: Exploring The Uniqely American Doctrine Through Comparative Criminal Procedure, The Yale Law Journal. 2008, doi.org/10.2307/20454705. Eshtiaq, Vahid. "Tendency towards Acceptance and Development of Legal Persons' Responsibility: A Realistic Reaction to the Effects of Development." Legal Research, No. 11, Spring and Summer 2007, [In Persisn]. Gruner, S, Towards an Organization Jurisprudence: Transforming Corporate Criminal Law Through Federal Sentencing Reform,36 Ariz L.Rev.407,1994. Hanlon, James Patrick, Individual Criminal Liability Related to the Corporation: Punishing Corporate Crime, Oxford University Press, 2020. Harding, G, Criminal Enterprise: Individuals, Organisation and Criminal Responsibility, Cullomton, UK, 2007. Hart. H.L.A, Punishment and Responsibility, clarendom, 1993, P26. Ilene H. Nagel & Winthrop M. Swenson, The Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Corporation: Their Development, Theoretical Underpinnings, and Some Thoughts about Their Future, 71 Wash. U.L.O, 205, 2003. Jafari Langroudi, Mohammad Jafar. "Legal Terminology." 11th edition, Ganj-e Danesh Library, Tehran, 2001, [In Persisn]. James S, Cohen, Corporate Crime and Punishment: An Update on Sentencing Practice in the Federal Courts, 1988-1990, 71B.U.L, P252 (1991). Leonardo Orland, Corporate Criminal Liability, Regulation and Compaliance, Aspen Publishers Inc,2004. Majidi, Seyed Mahmoud; Zolfaghari, Mehdi. "The Fate of the Principle of Judicial Legitimacy of Punishments." Journal of Legal Foundations of Islamic Law, 7th year, No. 14, Fall and Winter 2014, [In Persisn]. Mansourabadi, Abbas. "Concise General Criminal Law." 1st edition, Mizan Publications, Tehran, 2020, [In Persisn]. Mehra, Nasrin. "Encyclopedia of Criminal Law in England." Tehran, Mizan Publications, 2013, [In Persisn]. Michael,Tonry and Richard,s, Frase,Sentencing and Sanction in western contries, Oxford University Press,2001. Milington, T &Suterland W, The Proceeds of Crime: Law and Practice of Restraint, Confiscation, Condemnation and Forfeiture, Second Edition, Oxford Uniersity, 2007. Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, Hossein. "General Criminal Law 2 (Criminal Responsibility), Volume 2, 1st edition, Tehran, Mizan Publications, 2021, [In Persisn]. Mir Mohammad Sadeghi, Hossein. "General Criminal Law 3 (Punishments and Preventive Measures), Volume 1, 1st edition, Tehran, Mizan Publications, 2020, [In Persisn]. Nasiri, Alireza. "Model of Criminal Responsibility of Legal Persons in America." Master's Thesis, Tarbiat Modares University, 2016, [In Persisn].Nikoomanazari, Amin; Shamlo, Bagher . "Enforcement Guarantees for Legal Entities Based on the Functions of Criminal Law in the Criminal Legal Systems of Iran, England, and America." Criminal Law Research Journal, 12th year, Spring and Summer 2021, 10.22124/JOL.2020.16768.1926, [In Persisn].Nikoomanazari, Amin. "Principles Governing the Punishment of Legal Persons with a Comparison in the Legal Systems of Iran, America, and England." Doctoral Dissertation, Shahid Beheshti University, 2023, [In Persisn].Noorbaha, Reza and Shiri, Abbas. "Foundations of General Criminal Law." 1st edition, Tehran, Mizan Publications, 2017, [In Persisn]. Omidi, Jalil. "The Model of Criminal Responsibility of Legal Persons: Background, Perspectives, and Reflections in the Laws of Islamic Countries." In Memory of Dr. Reza Noorboha, Supplement to the Legal Research Journal of Shahid Beheshti University, No. 56, Winter 2011, [In Persisn]. Pourbafrani, Hassan and Sefi, Mahdieh. "Typology of Corporate Punishment: Legal Principles of Criminal Law", Islamic Sciences University of Razavi, No. 9, Spring and Summer 2015, [In Persisn]. Pradel, Jean. "A History of Criminal Thought." Translated by Ali Hossein Najafi Parandabadi. SAMT Publications, 2012, [In Persisn]. Richard W. Stevenson and Janet Elder, “Poll Finds Concerns that Bush is Overly Influenced by Business”, New York Times, July 18, 2002. Sabzavari Nezhad, Hojat. " Place of Proportionality principle between Punishment and offence in Criminal Law of Iran and England." Judicial Legal Perspectives, Spring and Summer 2017, [In Persisn]. Sadeghi, Hassan Ali; Gholami, Yaser; Mofakhri, Reza. "The Central Bank's Responsibility Regarding Unauthorized Financial and Credit Institutions." Journal of Jurisprudence, Law, and Criminal Sciences, 7th year, No. 23, Spring 2022, [In Persisn]. Shambayati, Houshang. "General Criminal Law." Majd Publications, Tehran, 6th edition, Vol. 2, 2012, [In Persisn]. Shams Natari, Mohammad Ebrahim. "Islamic Penal Law in the Contemporary Legal System." 3rd edition, Volume 1, 2016, [In Persisn]. Sharifi, Mohsen. " Criminal Responsibility of Legal Persons in the Criminal System of Iran and Germany" Comparative Law Journal, 15th year, No. 1, Spring and Summer 2019, doi.org/10.22096/law.2019.36880, [In Persisn]. Sharifi, Mohsen. "Criminal Responsibility of Legal Persons in the Legal Systems of Iran and England." Mizan Publications, 1st edition, 2015, [In Persisn]. Todarelo, V, Corporations Don’t Kill People: Exploring the Goal of the United Kingdom. Corporate Homicide Bill, New School Law Review.46.2002. Wasik, M, Sentencing Guideline: Past, present and Future, 56, C.L, 2003. Zeraat, Abbas. "Invalidity in Criminal Procedure Law." Mizan Publications, 1st edition, 2011, [In Persisn]. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 203 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 253 |