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پیامدهای کُنش شبهنظامیان صدر در جایگاه نیروهای دفاعی کمکی | ||
سیاست جهانی | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 12، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 44، شهریور 1402، صفحه 179-212 اصل مقاله (701.69 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/wp.2023.23600.3121 | ||
نویسنده | ||
امیرحامد آزاد* | ||
دانش آموخته دکتری روابط بینالملل واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
تشکیل نیروهای کمکی در عراق پدیدهای است که پس از سقوط رژیم بعث در قالب تعداد پرشماری از شبهنظامیان وابسته به احزاب و جنبشهای سیاسی ظاهر شد. این ساختارها، پس از سال 2014 به دلیل ضعف نیروهای امنیتی عراق در مبارزه با داعش، به شکل پیچیدهای رشد کردند. این گروهها، به دلیل برخورداری از رویکردهای قومی- مذهبی افراطی و مشارکت در کشمکشهای سیاسی به عاملی برای تهدید امنیت شهروندان و شکست اقتدار دولت تبدیل شدند. در این میان شبهنظامیان وابسته به جنبش صدر به دلیل برخورداری از پایگاه اجتماعی گسترده، رهبری کاریزماتک و مشارکت جنبش صدر در ساختار قدرت سیاسی عراق از جایگاهی ویژه برخوردارند. بنابراین دلایل تشکیل شبهنظامیان صدر، رویکرد دولت به آنها، و ابعاد و سطح تهدید احتمالی این شبهنظامیان برای دولت و شهروندان این کشور از مسائل مهم نیازمند بررسی هستند. مجموعه این مسائل میتواند در قالب این سؤال اصلی تظاهر یابد که تشکیل شبهنظامیان صدر متکی به چه دلایلی بوده است؟ همچنین این سؤال فرعی مطرح است که شبهنظامیان صدر برای دولت و شهروندان دارای چه ابعادی از تهدید بودند؟ این مقاله براین فرضیه استوار است که تهدید امنیت در عراق نه به عنوان علت ظهور شبهنظامیان صدر، بلکه به عنوان عامل مشروعیتبخش به حضور آنها ایفای نقش کرد و به پوششی برای تأمین منافع سیاسی جنبش صدر تبدیل شد و به موازات آن تضعیف گسترده اقتدار دستگاههای رسمی دولتی و تهدید ثبات سیاسی عراق را به دنبال داشت. پژوهش ارائه شده در این مقاله با اتکاء به روش «تحلیل روند تاریخی» انجام شده است | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
نیروهای کمکی؛ شبهنظامیان حامی دولت؛ شبه نظامیان صدر | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 355 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 216 |