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حساسیت سوسک گردهخوار کلزا (Brassicogethes aeneus) به حشرهکشهای آزادیراکتین، آلفاسایپرمترین، ایمیداکلوپرید و ماترین در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و مزرعهای | ||
تحقیقات آفات گیاهی | ||
دوره 13، شماره 2، شهریور 1402، صفحه 1-17 اصل مقاله (936.54 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/iprj.2023.24570.1519 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
نسترن اکبری نودهی1؛ محمود محمدی شریف* 1؛ سید یوسف موسوی طغانی2؛ معصومه شایان مهر1 | ||
1گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
2گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
سوسک گردهخوار کلزا Brassicogethes aeneus، یکی از آفات کلیدی و مهم گیاه کلزا در استانهای شمالی کشور است. در این پژوهش کارایی دو حشرهکش گیاهی ماترین و آزادیراکتین و همچنین، حشرهکشهای آلفاسایپرمترین و ایمیداکلوپرید، در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و مزرعهای، روی این آفت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. زیستسنجی آزمایشگاهی از طریق قرار دادن حشرات در معرض غلظتهای مختلف (پنج غلظت برای هر حشرهکش) انجام شد. در این آزمایشها، بیشترین حساسیت به حشرهکش آلفاسایپرمترین ثبت شد (mg ai/L 1/0LC50=) و پس از آن، بهترتیب حشرهکشهای ماترین (2/1)، ایمیداکلوپرید (60) و آزادیراکتین (mg ai/L 7/100) قرار گرفتند. آزمایش مزرعهای در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی به سه شیوه مختلف اجرا شد: ایجاد مانع (پارچه توری) پیش از اعمال تیمارها، ایجاد مانع پس از اعمال تیمارها و کرتهای بدون مانع. در شرایط مزرعهای (تیمار رایج؛ بدون مانع)، حشرهکشهای گیاهی کنداثرتر بوده و کارایی مناسب آنها چهار روز بعد از تیمار مشاهده شد. با این حال، پس از یک هفته، کارایی هر چهار تیمار بیش از 90 درصد بود. در نقطه پایانی آزمایش (چهار هفته)، بیشترین کارایی را ایمیداکلوپرید (4/73 درصد) داشت و پس از آن، تیمارهای آلفاسایپرمترین (59 درصد)، ماترین (4/51 درصد) و آزادیراکتین (9/47 درصد) قرار داشتند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که حشرهکش آلفاسایپرمترین در شرایط انبوهی آفت میتواند به عنوان جایگزین تیمار رایج ایمیداکلوپرید استفاده شود. علاوه بر این، دادهها نشاندهنده کارایی مناسب و قابل رقابت ترکیب گیاهی ماترین برای کنترل این آفت بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
حشرهکش گیاهی؛ زیستسنجی آزمایشگاهی؛ کارایی مزرعهای حشرهکشها؛ کلزا | ||
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