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مقایسه راهبرد باراک اوباما و دونالد ترامپ در قبال افغانستان | ||
سیاست جهانی | ||
مقاله 9، دوره 12، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 43، فروردین 1402، صفحه 267-298 اصل مقاله (525.17 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/wp.2023.6775 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
رضا سیمبر* 1؛ احسان خادمی2؛ آزیتا ملکی3 | ||
1استاد گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه گیلان | ||
2مدرس دانشگاه آزاد و دانشگاه فرهنگیان | ||
3کارشناسی ارشد حقوق | ||
چکیده | ||
افغانستان در دهه های اخیر در سیاست خارجی آمریکا نقش ویژه ای داشته است. ورود آمریکا به عرصه سیاسی-نظامی افغانستان به اواخر اشغال این کشور توسط ارتش سرخ شوروی در دهه 1980 میگردد. 11 سپتامبر 2001 تمرکز راهبردی بوش را بر این کشور افزایش داده و باعث حمله به افغانستان شد. این راهبرد کم و بیش در دوران روسای جمهوری بعدی آمریکا بخصوص اوباما و ترامپ نیز ادامه یافت. در این راستا سوال اصلی پژوهش حاضر این است که راهبرد اوباما و ترامپ در قبال افغانستان چه تشابهات و افتراقاتی را داشته است؟ یافتههای پژوهش نشان می دهد که اوباما وضعیت امنیت افغانستان را از اولویتهای جدی خود اعلام و با شعارنفی جنگ موفق به دریافت صلح نوبل شد. سیاست اوباما درمورد افغانستان درواقع نقشه راه دولت وی دربرخورد با مسئله افغانستان قلمداد می شد. استمرارمشکلات آمریکا دراین کشور دربرخورد با طالبان از مهم ترین مسائلی بود که دولت اوباما درصدد حل آن در کوتاه ترین زمان ممکن بود.ترامپ در ابتدای ورود به کاخ سفید، وعده خروج نظامیان آمریکایی از افغانستان را مطرح کرد، اما بعد طرحی را امضا کرد که چهار هزار نظامی آمریکایی دیگر به افغانستان اعزام شوند . ترامپ در راهبرد خود مخالف خروج شتاب زده نظامیان آمریکایی از افغانستان بود. اوباما و ترامپ هردودر وعده خروج از افغانستان و برقراری صلح در آن کشور، پیگیری مذاکرات صلح، واگذاری مسولیت به نیروهای افغان و مسآله تروریسم دیدگاهی مشترکی داشتند. پژوهش حاضراز نوع توصیفی ـ تحلیلی با رویکرد مقایسه ای است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
افغانستان؛ آمریکا؛ اوباما؛ ترامپ؛ راهبرد | ||
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