پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 31 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 708 |
| تعداد مقالات | 6,652 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 9,198,069 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 6,309,716 |
Impact of vegetation cover on climate change in different regions of Iraq | ||
| Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences | ||
| دوره 21، شماره 2، تیر 2023، صفحه 333-342 اصل مقاله (1.33 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/cjes.2023.6499 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Wedyan G. Nassif؛ Farant H. S. Lagenean؛ Osama T. Al-Taai* | ||
| Department of Atmospheric Science, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Vegetation determines the percentage of soil covered with green vegetation. Spatial and temporal changes of vegetation occur in the same year due to plant cycle, crop harvesting, animal grazing, and plant pruning. Vegetation areas can be divided into five main types: forest, grassland, tundra, desert, and ice cover. Climate, soil, the soil's water-holding capacity, and the slope or angle of the land determine the types of plants that will grow in a particular area. Relative humidity is the amount of moisture in the air at a given temperature compared to what the air can hold at that temperature. The air is not able to hold onto the water vapour, since it is moving so fast. To understand the expected changes in the climatic elements of the atmosphere and water, alterations in the behaviour of temperature, relative humidity, and vegetation cover were studied. Four stations were used over Iraq extending from north to south. The reason for choosing these stations is due to the difference in climatic changes and also, the geographical nature plays an important role in determining the difference of these variables from one region to another and other weather phenomena. We obtained average monthly and annual temperatures, dew point, and relative humidity during 1988-2018 for selected stations in Iraq from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast. Several results were reached, including that the highest value of vegetation cover for four selected stations during the study period recorded in Baghdad station was more than 0.9, and the lowest value observed in Basra station was less than 0.4. The highest relative humidity value was recorded in the Mosul Station where it covered 69% in the northern and central regions of the country specifically in the winter season, and 18% in the western regions of the Rutba Station in the spring and autumn, in addition, 13% in the southern regions in the summer as seen in the Basra Station. We note that the maximum temperatures were recorded in the summer in July and August due to evaporation in these areas as they are of a dry or semi-arid nature, reaching 55 ºC, while the lowest value in the Mosul station in December and January, since this area enjoys green plants and forests and precipitation. When using Spearman's test, it was found that the strength of the correlation is strong between relative humidity and vegetation cover and the relationship is positive between them. In contrast, the relationship between vegetation cover and temperature, the relationship is inverse and the strength of the correlation is weak to medium. Finally, it was found that the spring and autumn are characterized by dense vegetation cover, and this period is important for plant growth due to the availability of appropriate weather and environmental conditions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Vegetation cover؛ Relative humidity؛ Temperature؛ Climate change؛ Iraq | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abbood, ZM, Al Taai, OT & Nassif, WG 2021, Impact of wind speed and direction on low cloud cover over Baghdad city. Current Applied Science and Technology, 21: 590-600.
Ali, AM & Haitham, AA 2021, A new method encryption and decryption. Webology, 18: 20-31.
Al Taai, OT & Wedyan, GN 2020, Impact rainfall on the aerosols optical thickness over selected stations in Iraq. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 928: 072053.
Aparecido, LM, Sabrina, W, Crystal, S, Kevin, RH & Benjamin, B 2020, High water use in desert plants exposed to extreme heat. Ecology Letters, 23: 1189-1200.
Apfelbach, CS 2020, Tessa: a novel MATLAB program for automated tessitura analysis. Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA, 22 p.
Berardi, U, Zahra, J & Jonathan, G 2020, Effects of greenery enhancements for the resilience to heatwaves: A comparison of analysis performed through mesoscale (WRF) and microscale (Envi-met) modelling. Science of the Total Environment, 747: 141300.
Cox, DT, Ilya, MM, Alexandra, SG & Kevin, JG 2020, Global variation in diurnal asymmetry in temperature, cloud cover, specific humidity and precipitation and its association with leaf area index. Global Change Biology, 26: 7099-7111.
David, P 2000, The FORTRAN I Compiler. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
Davtalab, J, Shahram, PD, Valentina, D, Mohammad, RH & Morteza, A 2020, The impact of green space structure on physiological equivalent temperature index in open space. Urban Climate, 31: 100574.
Di, LG & Francesco, S 2020, Statistical significance: p-value, 0.05 threshold, and applications to radionics-reasons for a conservative approach. European Radiology Experimental, 4: 1-8.
Fanourakis, D, Sasan, A, Arne, S, Habtamu, G, Oliver, K, Abdolhossein, RN & Costas, D 2020, Stomatal behaviour following mid-or long-term exposure to high relative air humidity: A review. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 153: 92-105.
Jin, K, Fei, W, Quanli, Z, Peng, Q & Chunxia, L 2020, Impact of variations in vegetation on surface air temperature change over the Chinese Loess Plateau. Science of the Total Environment, 716: 136967.
Kuang, W 2020, Seasonal variation in air temperature and relative humidity on building areas and green spaces in Beijing, China. Chinese Geographical Science, 30: 75-88.
Lehnert, M, Vladimír, T, Martin, J & Jan, G 2021, Summer thermal comfort in Czech cities: measured effects of blue and green features in city centres. International Journal of Biometeorology, 65: 1277-1289.
Li, L, & Yong, Z 2018, Mapping relative humidity, the average and extreme temperature in hot summer over China. Science of the Total Environment, 615: 875-881.
Li, L, Yong, Z & Ren, W 2020, Relationship of surface urban heat island with air temperature and precipitation in global large cities”, Ecological Indicators, 117: 106683.
Liu, J, Zhongming, W & Chengcheng, G 2020, Normalized difference vegetation index of different vegetation cover types and its responses to climate change in the Loess Plateau. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 40: 678-691.
Liu, Q, Jingling, L, Haifei, L, Liqiao, L, Yanpeng, C, Xuan, W & Chunhui, L 2020, Vegetation dynamics under water-level fluctuations: Implications for wetland restoration. Journal of Hydrology, 581: 124418.
Mengistu, S 2021, Maize germplasm characterization using principal component and cluster analysis. American Journal of Bio-Science, 9: 122.
Muter, SA, Wedyan, GN, Zahraa, AA & Osama, TA 2020, Analysis of seasonal and annual relative humidity using gis for selected stations over Iraq during the period (1980-2017). Journal of Green Engineering, 10: 9121-9135.
Nassif, WG, Al Taai, OT, Mohammed, AJ & Al Shamarti, HKA 2021, Estimate probability distribution of monthly maximum daily rainfall of Iraq. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1804: 012078.
Nimish, G, Bharath, HA & Lalitha, A 2020, Exploring temperature indices by deriving the relationship between land surface temperature and urban landscape. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 18: 100299.
Omidipour, R, Erfanzadeh, R, Faramarzi, M 2021, Climatic conditions effects on the components of plant diversity in the western Iran grasslands using multiplicative partitioning methods. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 19: 1-10.
Padua, D 2020, The FORTRAN I compiler. Computing in Science & Engineering, 2: 70-75.
The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts 2020, ECMWF Overview.
Rostami, F, Attarod, P, Keshtkar, H, Nazeri Tahroudi, M 2022, Impact of climatic parameters on the extent of mangrove forests of southern Iran. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 20: 671-682
Thomsit Ireland, F, Emmanuel, AE, Paul, H & Tijana, B 2020, The impact of green facades and vegetative cover on the temperature and relative humidity within model buildings. Building and Environment, 181: 107009.
Vosshenrich, J, Philipp, B, Joshy, C, Daniel, TB, Elmar, MM & Tobias, H 2021, Quantifying radiology resident fatigue: analysis of preliminary reports. Radiology, 298: 632-639.
Williams, F 1992, Reasoning with statistics how to read quantitative research. 4th ed. Fort Worth. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers.
Yang, X, Lilliana, LP, Yuan, C, Lingye, Y & Qingqing, W 2020, Air humidity characteristics of local climate zones: a three-year observational study in Nanjing. Building and Environment, 171: 106661. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 233 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 475 |
||