تعداد نشریات | 31 |
تعداد شمارهها | 748 |
تعداد مقالات | 7,128 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 10,280,320 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 6,912,195 |
تبیین الگوی حکمروایی خوب سیستمهای غذای پایدار شهری | ||
مطالعات جغرافیایی نواحی ساحلی | ||
دوره 4، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 12، فروردین 1402، صفحه 91-113 اصل مقاله (1.88 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی- مستخرج از رساله | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/gscaj.2023.22592.1180 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
یاسر قلی پور1؛ محسن احدنژاد روشتی* 2؛ ابوالفضل مشکینی3 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری برنامهریزی شهری، گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران. | ||
2دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران. | ||
3دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
مفهوم سیستمهای غذایی بهعنوان چارچوبی راهنما برای تفکر استراتژیک به سمت دستیابی به غذای متنوع، ایمن و مغذی برای همه، در فرایند سیاستهای غذایی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. سیستمهای غذایی شامل تمامی بازیگران و فعالیتها در طول زنجیرههای ارزش جهانی، از جمله عرضة نهادهها، تولید، فرآوری، توزیع، خردهفروشی، عمدهفروشی، تهیة غذا و مصرف مواد غذایی، همراه با تأثیرات آنها بر محیط زیست، سلامت و جامعه است. تحقیق حاضر در زمرهی تحقیقات کیفی قرار دارد و مبتنی بر یافتههای حاصل از مصاحبههای گروه دلفی است. تعداد کارشناسان 25 نفر انتخاب شدند. یافتههای تحقیق نشان میدهد شاخص های حکمروایی خوب که از فرآیند تحقیق استخراج شدند، شامل مشارکت، قانونمندی، پاسخگویی، شفافیت، تابآوری و انعطافپذیری، کارایی و اثربخشی، عدالت، جهتگیری توافقی، آیندهنگری و مسئولیتپذیری بوده است. مضامین مرتبط با حکمروایی خوب سیستمهای غذای پایدار شهری در چهار بعد پایداری نهادی، پایداری زیستمحیطی، پایداری اقتصادی و پایداری اجتماعی به دست آمد. بنابراین ترکیب شاخصهای حکمروایی خوب و مضامین پایداری سیستمهای غذای شهری، پیامدهایی مانند امنیت غذایی پایدار، مباحثی مانند امور زیستمحیطی (فرسایش خاک و ...)؛ تغذیه و سلامت؛ امور اقتصادی(کارآیی و ...) و امور اجتماعی(برابری و ...) را در پی خواهد داشت. نتیجة تحقیق آن است که بدون کاربست حکمروایی خوب در مدیریت سیستمهای غذایی، امکان برقراری عدالت و برابری غذایی و تحقق حق بر غذا وجود نخواهد داشت و سیاستگذاران در سطح جهانی، ملی و محلی با چالشهای زیادی روبهرو خواهند شد. همچنین حکمروایی با سطح انعطافپذیری و تابآوری بالا، کارآمدترین شیوة مدیریتی است که سیستمهای غذای جهانی را میتواند اداره کند. | ||
تازه های تحقیق | ||
- با استفاده از رویکرد سیستمی میتوان به بررسی برنامهریزی غذا پرداخت. - ارزیابی پایداری نهادی بهعنوان بعد جدید پایداری سیستمهای غذای شهری مطرح است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
حکمروایی خوب؛ سیستم غذایی؛ حق بر غذا؛ امنیت غذای شهری | ||
مراجع | ||
کریمیفرد، شیما (1399). تدوین مدل حاکمیت غذایی در کشاورزی اکولوژیک شهری در شهر تهران. رساله دکتری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی. Andrée, P., Clark, J. K., Levkoe, C. Z., and Lowitt, K. (2019). Civil society and social movements in food system governance (p. 216). Taylor & Francis. Ankeny R. A. (2016) Inviting everyone to the table: strategies for more effective and legitimate food policy via deliberative approaches. Journal of Social Philosophy, 47(1), pp. 10–24. Arnstein, S. R. (1969). A ladder of citizen participation. Journal of the American Planning Association, 35(4), pp. 216– 224. Aromal, V., Naseer, M. A. (2022). A methodology for the identification of significant factors for the improvement of pedestrian facilities in an urban area. Journal of Urban Management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2022.04.007. Battersby, J. (2017). MDGs to SDGs—New Goals, Same Gaps: The Continued Absence of Urban Food Security in the Post-2015 Global Development Agenda. Afr. Geogr. Rev, 36, pp. 115–129. Battersby, J., Watson, V. (2018). Urban food systems governance and poverty in African cities (p. 290). Taylor & Francis. Béné, C., Oosterveer, P., Lamotte, L., Brouwer, I. D., de Haan, S., Prager, S. D., … and Khoury, C. K. (2019). When food systems meet sustainability – Current narratives and implications for actions. World Development, 113, 116-130. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.08.011. Blay-Palmer, A., Santini, G., Dubbeling, M., Renting, H., Taguchi, M., Giordano, T. (2018). Validating the City Region Food System Approach: Enacting Inclusive, Transformational City Region Food Systems. Sustainability, 10, 1680. Brinkley, C. (2013). Avenues into food planning: A review of scholarly food system research. International Planning Studies, 18, pp. 243–266. Candel, J.J.L. (2014). Food security governance: a systematic literature review. Food Security, 6 (4), pp. 585–601. Canfield, M. C., Duncan, J., and Claeys, P. (2021). Reconfiguring food systems governance: the UNFSS and the battle over authority and legitimacy. Development, 64(3), pp. 181-191. Crush, J., Frayne, B., Haysom, G. (2020). Handbook on Urban Food Security in the Global South. Edward Elgar: Cheltenham, UK. Danladi, H., Rusli, M., and Makmom, A. (2018). Delphi exploration of subjective well-being indicators for strategic urban planning towards sustainable development in Malaysia. Journal of Urban Management, pp. 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2018.08.001. Development Initiatives. (2017). Global Nutrition Report 2017: Nourishing the SDGs. Development Initiatives, Bristol. https://www.globalnutritionreport.org/files/2017/ 11/Report_2017.pdf Dixon, J. (1999). A cultural economy model for studying food systems. Agriculture and Human Values, 16(2), pp. 151–160. Duit, A., Galaz, V. (2008). Governance and Complexity—Emerging Issues for Governance Theory. Governance, 21(3), pp. 311-335. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.2008.00402.x Duncan, J. (2016). Governing in a post-political era: civil society participation for improved food security governance. Advances in Food Security and Sustainability, 1, pp. 137–161. Dupouy, E., Gurinovic, M. (2020). Sustainable food systems for healthy diets in Europe and Central Asia: Introduction to the special issue. Food Policy, 96, 101952. Ericksen, P. (2006). GECAFS Working Paper 2: Conceptualising Food Systems for Global Environmental Change (GEC) Research. Ericksen, P. J. (2008). Conceptualizing food systems for global environmental change research. Global Environmental Change, 18(1), pp. 234–245. Eurostat (2020). Extra-EU28 trade of food, drinks and tobacco (SITC 0+1), by main partners. Extra-EU28 trade of food, drinks and tobacco (SITC 0+1), by main partners - Data Europa EU. Fanzo, J., Haddad, L., McLaren, R., Marshall, Q., Davis, C., Herforth, A., Jones, A., Beal, T., Tschirley, D., Bellows, A. (2020). The Food Systems Dashboard is a new tool to inform better food policy. Nature Food, 1(5), pp. 6-243. Food & Business Knowledge Platform.(F & BKP). (2020). “Food Systems Governance Mechanisms” Food systems Community of Practice meeting, Utrecht. February 6, 2020, from Food Systems Governance Mechanisms - CoP meeting 13 Dec 2019 (knowledge4food.net). Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Ifad, UNICEF, WFP and WHO. (2021). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021 Transforming Food Systems for Afordable Healthy Diets. Rome: FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (1996). World Food Summit: Rome Declaration and Plan of Action. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2009). Declaration of the world summit on food security. Rome: FAO. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2011). Good food security governance: The crucial premise to the twintrack approach. Background paper ESA Works Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2018). Sustainable food systems: Concept and framework. http://www.fao.org/3/ ca2079en/CA2079EN. Gharaibeh, H. M. (2014). Cost control in mega projects using the Delphi method. Journal of Management in Engineering, 30(5), 04014024. Gillespie, S., Margetts, B. (2013). Strengthening capacities for enhancing the nutrition sensitivity of agricultural policy and practice. SCN News, 40, pp. 55–60. Gillespie, S., van den Bold, M. (2017). Food Systems, and Nutrition: Meeting the Challenge. Glob. Chall, 1, 1600002. Gillespie, S., Van Den Bold, M., and Hodge, J. (2019). Nutrition and the governance of agri-food systems in South Asia: A systematic review. Food policy, 82, pp. 13-27. Grant, M. (2015). A food systems approach for food and nutrition security. Sight and Life, 29(1), pp. 87-90. Hawkes, C., Parsons, A. (2019). Rethinking Food Policy: A Fresh Approach to Policy and Practice Brief 1: Tackling food systems challenges: The role of food policy. Centre for Food Policy. City University of London. Haysom, G. (2014). Food system governance for urban sustainability in the Global South. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Cape Town. Haysom, G. (2020). Perspectives on Urban Food System Governance in the Global South. In Handbook of Urban Food Security in the Global South; Crush, J., Frayne, B., Haysom, G., Eds.; Edward Elgar: Cheltenham, UK; pp. 363–379. Herforth, A., Frongillo, E. A., Sassi, F., Mclean, M. S., Arabi, M., Tirado, C., Remans, R., Mantilla, G., Thomson, M. and Pingali, P. (2014). Toward an integrated approach to nutritional quality, environmental sustainability, and economic viability: Research and measurement gaps. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1332, pp. 1–21. High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition. (2017). Nutrition and Food Systems. Rome, Italy: FAO. Hipel, K. W., Fang, L. and Heng, M. (2010). System of systems approach to policy development for global food security. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 19, pp. 1–21. HLPE. (2014). Food losses and waste in the context of sustainable food systems. A report by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security. Rome. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3901e. Hooghe, L., Marks, G. (2003). Unraveling the Central State, but How? Types of Multi-level Governance. American Political Science Review, 97(2), pp. 233-243. Doi: 10.1017/s0003055403000649. Hospes, O., Brons, A. (2016). Food system governance: A systematic literature review. Food systems governance, pp. 13-42. Ingram, J. (2011). A food systems approach to researching food security and its interactions with global environmental change. Food Security, 3(4), pp. 417-431. Ingram, J., Ericksen, P. J. and Liverman, D. E. (2010). Food Security and Global Environmental Change. London and Washington, DC: Earthscan. Ingram, J.S. (2013). Priority research questions for the UK food system. Food Security, 5 (5), pp. 617–636. IPES-FOOD. (2015). The Case for a new science of sustainable food systems, Overcoming Barriers to Food Systems Reform. Jessop, B. (2002) Liberalism, neoliberalism, and urban governance: a state-theoretical perspective. Antipode, 34, pp. 452–472. Keeney, S., Hasson, F., and McKenna, H. (2010). The Delphi Technique. The Delphi Technique in nursing and health research. Wiley Online Library. Klijn, E. (2012). New public management and governance: A comparison. In D. Levi-Faur (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of governance (pp. 201–2012). Oxford University Press. Kooiman, J. (2003). Governing as governance. Thousand Oaks, Sage. Kooiman, J., Bavinck, M., Chuenpagdee, R., and Robin, M. (2008). Interactive governance and governability: An introduction. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies, 7(1). Krueger, R. A. (1994). Focus groups. A practical guide for applied research. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage. Landert, J., Schader, C., Moschitz, H., and Stolze, M. (2017). A holistic sustainability assessment method for urban food system governance. Sustainability, 9(4), 490. Leeuwis, C., Boogaard, B. K., and Atta-Krah, K. (2021). How food systems change (or not): governance implications for system transformation processes. Food Security, 13(4), pp. 761-780. Mansfield, B., Mendes, W. (2012). Municipal food strategies and integrated approaches to urban agriculture: Exploring three cases from the Global North. International Planning Studies, 18, pp. 37–60. Minnery, J. (2007). Stars and their supporting cast: state, market and community as actors in urban governance. Urban Policy and Research, 25(3), pp. 325–345. Morgan, K. (2009). Feeding the City: The Challenge of Urban Food Planning. Int. Plan. Stud, 14, pp. 341–358. Nayyar, B., Yasmeen, R., and Khan, R. A. (2019). Using language of entrustable professional activities to define learning objectives of radiology clerkship: A modified delphi study. Medical Teacher, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159x.2019.1645951. Nguyen, H. (2018). Sustainable food systems concept and framework. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Olson, J., Clay, P. M. and Pinto Da Silva, P. (2014). Putting the seafood in sustainable food systems. Marine Policy, 43, pp. 104–111. Parsons, K., Hawkes, C. (2018). Connecting food systems for co-benefits: How can food systems combine diet-related health with environmental and economic policy goals?. Retrieved from Copenhagen. pp:1-36. Pereira, L. M. (2014). The future of South Africa’s food system: What is research telling us? SA Food Lab, South Africa. Retrieved from http://awsassets.wwf.org.za/ downloads/safl_brochure_email. Phungwayo, T. h., Kushitor, S. B., and Koornhof, L. (2021). Governance of food and nutrition security in Eswatini: an analysis of government policies and reports. Agriculture & Food Security, 10(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-021-00307-8. Pothukuchi, K., Kaufman, J. (1999). Placing the Food System on the Urban Agenda: The Role of Municipal Institutions in Food Systems Planning. Agric. Hum, 16, pp. 213–224. Rochlin, S., Zadek, S., and Forstater, M. (2008). Governing Collaboration. Making Partnerships Accountable for Delivering Development. London: AccountAbility; available at http://www.accountability.org/images/content/4/3/431/ Governing%20Collaboration_Full%20report. Rockström, J., Steffen, W. L., Noone, K., Persson, Å., Chapin III, F. S., Lambin, E., ... and Foley, J. (2009). Planetary boundaries: exploring the safe operating space for humanity. Ecology and society,14(2):32.http://www. ecologyand society.orgvol14/iss2/art32/. SAM. (2019). A scoping review of major works relevant to scientific advice towards an EU sustainable food system. The Scientific Advice Mechanism Unit of the European Commission, 26p. web version. doi: 10.2777/044579 Saviolidis, N. M., Olafsdottir, G., Nicolau, M., Samoggia, A., Huber, E., Brimont, L., ... and Bogason, S. G. (2020). Stakeholder perceptions of policy tools in support of sustainable food consumption in Europe: Policy implications. Sustainability, 12(17), 7161. Siddiki, S. N. (2015). How policy rules shape the structure and performance of collaborative governance arrangements. Public Administration Review, 75 (4), pp. 536-547. Smit, W. (2016). Urban governance and urban food systems in Africa: Examining the linkages. Cities, 58, pp. 80-86. Sonnino, R. (2016). The new geography of food security: Exploring the potential of urban food strategies. Geogr.J, 182, pp. 190–200. Sonnino, R., Spayde, J. J. (2014). The ‘new frontier’?: Urban strategies for food security and sustainability. In Sustainable food systems: Building a new paradigm (Earthscan, pp. 186–205). Sørensen, E., Torfing, J. (2007). Theories of democratic network governance (Vol. 3). London: Palgrave Macmillan, United Kingdom. Steel, C. (2008). Hungry city—how food shapes our lives. London: Chatto and Windus. Steffen, W., Richardson, K., Rockström, J., Cornell, S. E., Fetzer, I., Bennett, E. M., ... and Sörlin, S. (2015). Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet. Science, 125985. Sundkvist, Å., Milestad, R. and Jansson, A. (2005). On the importance of tightening feedback loops for sustainable development of food systems. Food Policy, 30, pp. 224–239. Swinburn, B., Kraak, V., Rutter, H., Vandevijvere, S., Lobstein, T., Sacks, G., Gomes, F., Marsh, T., and Magnusson, R. (2015). Strengthening of accountability systems to create healthy food environments and reduce global obesity. The Lancet, 385 (9986), pp. 2467–2483. Tefft, J., Jonasova, M., Zhang, F., and Zhang, Y. (2021). Urban Food Systems Governance. FAO and the World Bank. Termeer, C. J., Drimie, S., Ingram, J., Pereira, L., and Whittingham, M. J. (2018). A diagnostic framework for food system governance arrangements: The case of South Africa. NJAS-Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, 84, pp. 85-93. Treib, O., Bahr, H. and Falkner, G. (2007). Modes of governance: Towards a conceptual clarification. Journal of European public policy, 14, pp. 1–20. Van Bers, C., Delaney, A., Eakin, H., Cramer, L., Purdon, M., Oberlack, C., ... and Vasileiou, I. (2019). Advancing the research agenda on food systems governance and transformation. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 39, pp. 94-102. Vermeulen, S. J., Campbell, B. M. and Ingram, J. (2012). Climate change and food systems. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 37, pp. 195–222. Vignola, R., Oosterveer, P. J. M., and Béné, C. (2021). Conceptualising food system governance and its present challenges. Wageningen University & Research. Von Braun, J. (2018). Global Food Policy Report. Chapter 8: Governance Reform for Food, Nutrition, and Agriculture. Washington D.C: IFPRI, pp. 62–70. Wang, J., Ding, X., Gao, H., and Fan, S. (2022). Reshaping Food Policy and Governance to Incentivize and Empower Disadvantaged Groups for Improving Nutrition. Nutrients, 14(3), 648. Watson, V. (2018). Locating Planning in the New Urban Agenda of the Urban Sustainable Development Goals. Plan, 15, pp. 435–438. Wiskerke, J. (2015). Urban Food Systems. In Cities and Agriculture—Developing Resilient Urban Food Systems; RUAF Foundation: Amsterdam. The Netherlands, pp. 1–25. Zangenehmadar, Z., Moselhi, O. (2016). Prioritizing deterioration factors of water pipelines using Delphi method. Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation, 90, pp. 491–499. Zerbian, T., de Luis Romero, E. (2021). The role of cities in good governance for food security: lessons from Madrid’s urban food strategy. Territory, Politics, Governance, pp. 1-19. Zhong, T., Si, Z., Scott, S., Crush, J., Yang, K., Huang, X. (2021). Comprehensive Food System Planning for Urban Food Security in Nanjing, China. Land, 10 (10), 1090. https://doi.org/10.3390/ land10101090. | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 458 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 287 |