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تأثیر سامانههای کشت مخلوط چغندرقند و شبدر قرمز بر مهار زیستی شتهAphis fabae ، دشمنان طبیعی و صفات زراعی چغندرقند | ||
تحقیقات آفات گیاهی | ||
دوره 12، شماره 4، بهمن 1401، صفحه 77-90 اصل مقاله (687.54 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/iprj.2023.23403.1504 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مریم معرفی* 1؛ علی همراهی2؛ کبری فتوحی3 | ||
1گروه آموزشی زراعت و اصلاح نباتات،دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج،ایران | ||
2گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
3گروه گیاهپزشکی ، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج ، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
کشت محصولات متنوع، یک استراتژی کلیدی درکشاورزی پایدار است. افزایش تنوع گیاهی در سامانههای کشت مخلوط میتواند در مهار زیستی آفات مناسب باشد. به منظور بررسی اثر کشت مخلوط چغندرقند – شبدر قرمز بر جمعیت Aphis fabae Aphis fabae Scopoli، دشمنان طبیعی شامل Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus، Hippodamia variegata Goeze، Orius niger Wolf، Linnaeus O. minutus و Chrysoperla carnea Stephens و برخی صفات زراعی چغندرقند، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوکهای کاملاً تصادفی در 4 تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل: تک کشتی چغندرقند (شاهد) و هفت نوع سیستم کشت نواری شامل: 1) دو ردیف چغندرقند و چهار ردیف شبدر، 2) دو ردیف چغندرقند و سه ردیف شبدر، 3) یک ردیف چغندرقند و دو ردیف شبدر، 4) دو ردیف چغندرقند و دو ردیف شبدر، 5) سه ردیف چغندرقند و دو ردیف شبدر، 6) دو ردیف چغندرقند و یک ردیف شبدر و 7) چهار ردیف چغندرقند و دو ردیف شبدر بودند. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که اثر تیمارهای مختلف کشت مخلوط چغندرقند و شبدر قرمز روی جمعیت شته سیاه باقلا، دشمنان طبیعی و صفات زراعی شامل عملکرد ریشه، عملکرد برگ و اندام هوایی در سطح احتمال 1 % معنیدار میباشد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که تیمار دو ردیف چغندرقند و چهار ردیف شبدر قرمز میتواند در مدیریت تلفیقی و مهار زیستی A. fabae در مزراع چغندرقند مفید باشد و صفات زراعی را بهبود دهد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
شکارگرها؛ کرج؛ مدیریت تلفیقی آفات | ||
مراجع | ||
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