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تاثیر تحریمهای اقتصادی بر حقوق سیاسی-اقتصادی و وضعیت سلامت شهروندان کره شمالی | ||
سیاست جهانی | ||
مقاله 8، دوره 10، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 35، اردیبهشت 1400، صفحه 221-254 اصل مقاله (1.63 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/wp.2021.16144.2453 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سارا موسوی1؛ علی باقری دولت آبادی* 2 | ||
1دانشجوی دکترای علوم سیاسی دانشگاه یاسوج | ||
2عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه یاسوج | ||
چکیده | ||
امروزه تحریم ها به یکی از ابزارهای پرکاربرد سیاست خارجی دولت ها علیه همدیگر تبدیل شده است. این درحالی است که تحریم ها همیشه نتیجه دلخواه را به همراه نیاورده است. کره شمالی ازجمله کشورهایی است که طولانیترین تحریمهای دوجانبه و چندجانبه را تجربه کرده است. پرسش اصلی پژوهش حاضر این است که تحریمها چه تاثیری بر وضع حقوق بشر در کره شمالی گذاشته است؟ فرضیه پژوهش اشاره میکند که تحریمهای بینالمللی منجر به نقض حقوق بنیادین شهروندان کره شمالی شده است. برای آزمون فرضیه از نظریه پکسون و کوپر و دو روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و اسنادی استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که با شروع آزمایشات هستهای کره شمالی در سال 2006 و وضع شدیدترین تحریمها علیه این کشور، تحریمها به دو شکل مستقیم و غیرمستقیم بر وضع حقوق بشر کره شمالی تاثیر منفی گذاشته است. در حوزه سیاسی، تحریمها به جای این که موجب تغییر رفتار کره شمالی گردد، باعث خودکامگی دولت حاکم، کاهش انواع آزادیها، سرکوب و خشونت شده است. در حوزه بهداشت و سلامت، تحریمها کاهش سطح بهداشت عمومی، افزایش مرگ و میر نوزادان، شیوع بیماریها، سوء تغذیه و دسترسی سخت به دارو و درمان را به همراه داشته است. در حوزه اقتصاد، تحریمها (به شکل مستقیم) موجب کاهش ارزش پول ملی، کاهش درآمد مردم، کاهش مواد غذایی، تورم و فساد گردیده که به فقر بیشتر مردم کمک کرده است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تحریمها؛ حقوق بشر؛ کره شمالی؛ دموکراسی؛ آمریکا | ||
مراجع | ||
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