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تأملی در امکانسنجی اعمال صلاحیت دیوان بینالمللی کیفری نسبت به جرایم زیستمحیطی | ||
پژوهشنامه حقوق کیفری | ||
دوره 11، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 22، دی 1399، صفحه 243-270 اصل مقاله (821.2 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/jol.2020.14805.1797 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
هیبت الله نژندی منش1؛ سید علی حسینی آزاد* 2؛ مجید زحمتکش3 | ||
1استادیار گروه حقوق عمومی و بینالملل دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی | ||
2دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بینالملل دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی | ||
3دانشآموخته دکتری تخصصی رشته حقوق بینالملل دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی | ||
چکیده | ||
دیوان بینالمللی کیفری به موجب اساسنامه خود صلاحیت موضوعی مشخصی نسبت به چهار جنایت اصلی بینالمللی دارد. این جنایات، مهمترین جنایاتی هستند که نگرانی عمدة جامعة جهانی میباشند. جرایم زیستمحیطی در میان این چهار عنوان وجود ندارد. بنابراین پرسش این مقاله این است که آیا دیوان بینالمللی کیفری میتواند به اعمال صلاحیت نسبت به جرایم زیستمحیطی بپردازد. جرایم زیستمحیطی بهطور کلی از شرایط عمومی که لازمة جنایات تحت صلاحیت دیوان است، مانند شدید بودن و بینالمللی بودن، برخوردارند و از اینرو در قالب اساسنامه نیز میتوانند تحت بررسی قرار گیرند. هرچند، در نظم حقوقی بینالمللی فعلی، امید چندانی به اصلاح اساسنامه و درج عنوان مجرمانة جدیدی تحت نام جنایت زیستمحیطی وجود ندارد، اما مقررات فعلی اساسنامه به قدر کفایت از گنجایش و ظرفیت لازم برای شمول بر جرایم زیستمحیطی تحت هر یک از سه عنوان ژنوسید، جنایات جنگی و بخصوص، جنایت علیه بشریت برخوردار است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
جرایم زیستمحیطی؛ دیوان بینالمللی کیفری؛ جنایت بینالمللی؛ اساسنامۀ رم؛ صلاحیت موضوعی | ||
مراجع | ||
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