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نیازهای گرمایی زنبور پارازیتوئید Diaeretiella rapae (Hym.: Braconidae) پرورش‌یافته روی شته Schizaphis graminum (Hem.: Aphididae) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی | ||
| تحقیقات آفات گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 10، شماره 2، شهریور 1399، صفحه 1-13 اصل مقاله (755.14 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/iprj.2020.4288 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدیه کاظمی؛ علی اصغر طالبی* ؛ زهرا تازرونی؛ یعقوب فتحی پور؛ مهران رضایی؛ محمد مهرآبادی | ||
| گروه حشره شناسی کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گندم، Triticum aestivum L. یکی از مهمترین گیاهان زراعی در سراسر جهان است که فقط برای تغذیه کشت میشود. شته سبز گندم، Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Hem.: Aphididae) یک آفت مهم گندم در ایران است که خسارت زیادی به محصول وارد میکند. دراین پژوهش، نیازهای گرمایی زنبور Diaeretiella rapae (M'Intosh) روی شته سبز گندم، در پنج دمای ثابت (10، 15، 20، 25 و 5/27 درجه سلسیوس)، رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد و دوره نوری 8:16 ساعت (روشنایی: تاریکی) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که دما اثر معنیدار بر طول دوره رشد قبل از بلوغ داشت، بهطوریکه میانگین بیشترین و کمترین طول کل دوره رشدی قبل از بلوغ زنبور D. rapaeبه ترتیب در دمای 10 (09/0±49/25 روز) و 25 درجه سلسیوس (05/0±24/9 روز) مشاهده شد. اثر دما بر نرخ رشد زنبور D.rapae با استفاده از مدلهای خطی و غیرخطی برازش داده شد. دمای آستانه پایین و ثابت گرمایی زنبور D. rapae با استفاده از مدل رگرسیون خطی به ترتیب 21/3 درجه سلسیوس و 36/229 روز-درجه به دست آمد. مدل Briere-1 برازش بهنسبت بالایی در برآورد دادهها نشان داد. همچنین، دمای آستانه پایین، دمای بهینه و دمای آستانه بالا بهوسیله این مدل به خوبی تخمین زده شد. بنابراین، مدل Briere-1 به عنوان یک مدل مناسب برای توصیف دوره رشد و نمو قبل از بلوغ زنبور پارازیتویید D. rapae روی شته S. graminum تعیین شد. در این تحقیق، مدل خطی و مهمترین مدلهای غیر خطی گرمایی و معیارهای انتخاب مدل مناسب مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آستانه پایین نمو؛ ثابت گرمایی؛ زنبور پارازیتوئید؛ روز-درجه؛ کنترل بیولوژیک | ||
| مراجع | ||
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