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تأثیر پرایمینگ و مدت زمان ماندگاری بذر بر خصوصیات جوانه زنی و عملکرد ذرت سینگل کراس 260 (فجر) | ||
علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران | ||
مقاله 5، دوره 6، شماره 1، خرداد 1398، صفحه 47-65 اصل مقاله (1.2 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/jms.2019.3587 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
کیوان بابائی* 1؛ مهدی تاجبخش1؛ عادل سی و سه مرده2 | ||
1دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
2دانشگاه کردستان | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی اثرات پرایمینگ بذر و مدت زمان ماندگاری بر روی خصوصیات جوانه زنی و عملکرد ذرت، دو مطالعه جداگانه در شرایط آزمایشگاه و مزرعه انجام شد. آزمایش اول، تأثیر شش تیمار پرایمینگ (پرایمینگ با آب معمولی، هومیوپاتی اوره، سولفات روی، آب مغناطیسی، آمینول فورته و بذرهای پرایمنشده) و شش مدت زمان ماندگاری بذر (بدون ماندگاری، ماندگاری به مدت یک، دو، سه، چهار و پنج هفته) بر خصوصیات جوانه زنی ذرت سینگل کراس 260 (هیبرید فجر) در سال 1392 در آزمایشگاه تکنولوژی بذر دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه کردستان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در آزمایش دوم، اثر پرایمینگ بر عملکرد هیبرید فجر طی سال های 1392 لغایت 1394 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه کردستان مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش مدت زمان ماندگاری شاخص های جوانه زنی نظیر درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی و شاخص بنیه گیاهچه به طور معنیداری کاهش یافت. میزان کاهش این صفات بعد از شش هفته ماندگاری بهترتیب حدود 20، 24 و 77 درصد نسبت به تیمار بدون ماندگاری بود. از طرف دیگر تیمارهای پرایمینگ تأثیری بر درصد جوانه زنی نداشتند، ولی در مقابل تیمارهای پرایمینگ آب معمولی، هومیوپاتی اوره، سولفات روی و آب مغناطیسی بهطور معنی داری باعث افزایش سرعت جوانه زنی، طول گیاهچه بهترتیب به میزان 14 و 155 درصد شدند. همچنین نتایج آزمایش مزرعه ای بیانگر تأثیر تیمارهای پرایمینگ فوق بر عملکرد در تمامی سال های مورد بررسی بود. میزان افزایش عملکرد دانه در تیمارهای پرایمینگ نسبت به تیمار شاهد حدود 12 درصد بود. بر اساس نتایج حاصله، پرایمینگ بذر نسبت به عدم پرایمینگ دارای برتری است که در این میان تیمار آب معمولی دارای بیشترین تأثیر بود. همچنین پس از پرایمینگ بذور هر چه سریعتر بایستی نسبت به کاشت اقدام شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آمینول فورته؛ سولفات روی؛ سرعت جوانه زنی؛ شاخص بنیه گیاهچه؛ عملکرد | ||
مراجع | ||
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