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تغییرات جوانهزنی و شاخصهای رشد گاوزبان (Borago officinalis L.) در واکنش به پیشتیمار بذر و فواصل مختلف آبیاری | ||
علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 6، شماره 1، خرداد 1398، صفحه 1-18 اصل مقاله (5.17 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/jms.2019.3584 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سهیلا دست برهان* ؛ کاظم قاسمی گلعذانی؛ فرهود یگانه پور | ||
دانشگاه تبریز | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی جوانهزنی بذر، سبز شدن گیاهچه و تغییرات شاخصهای رشد گیاه گاوزبان در واکنش به پیشتیمار بذر و محدودیت آب، آزمونهای آزمایشگاهی بهصورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار و آزمایش مزرعهای بهصورت کرتهای خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1391 اجرا گردیدند. تیمارهای آبیاری (I1، I2، I3، I4: بهترتیب آبیاری پس از 60، 90، 120 و 150 میلیمتر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A) و پیشتیمار بذر (P0: بدون پیشتیمار، P1: پیشتیمار با آب، P2: پیشتیمار با نیترات پتاسیم 100 میلیمولار و P3: پیشتیمار با دی هیدروفسفات پتاسیم 100 میلیمولار) بهترتیب در کرتهای اصلی و فرعی قرار گرفتند. بر اساس نتایج بهدست آمده، پیشتیمار آبی بذر گاوزبان، میانگین سرعت جوانهزنی و رشد گیاهچه را بهترتیب 9/15 و 6/22 درصد افزایش داد. سرعت سبز شدن گیاهچههای گاوزبان هم تحت تیمارهای مختلف بذری حدود هفت درصد بهبود یافت. در مرحله رویشی، شاخص سطح برگ گیاهان حاصل از بذرهای پیشتیمار شده با آب مقطر، KNO3 و KH2PO4 بهترتیب 8/22، 7/39 و 1/16 درصد بیشتر از تیمار شاهد بود. در مرحله گلدهی، با کاهش شاخص سطح برگ از اتلاف آب گیاهان تحت شرایط کمبود آب کاسته شد. همه تکنیکهای پیشتیمار بذر، بهویژه پیشتیمار آبی، شاخص سطح برگ را در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب از طریق افزایش سرعت سبز شدن گیاهچه بهبود بخشید. تجمع ماده خشک، سرعت رشد نسبی و سرعت رشد گیاه گاوزبان با افزایش فواصل آبیاری کاهش یافت، با اینحال، دوره رشد گیاهان حاصل از بذرهای پیشتیمار شده طولانیتر از گیاهان حاصل از بذرهای تیمار نشده بود که به تولید گیاهانی بزرگتر در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب منجر شد | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پیشتیمار بذر؛ تنش خشکی؛ سرعت رشد؛ سطح برگ؛ گاوزبان؛ ماده خشک | ||
مراجع | ||
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