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ارزیابی ژنوتیپهای برنج بر اساس عملکرد و اجزای آن تحت شرایط آبیاری کامل و تنش خشکی و شاخصهای تحمل به خشکی با روش تجزیه بایپلات | ||
تحقیقات غلات | ||
مقاله 3، دوره 8، شماره 2، شهریور 1397، صفحه 169-183 اصل مقاله (246.09 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/c.2018.10556.1402 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
هاشم امین پناه1؛ پیمان شریفی* 1؛ علی اکبر عبادی2 | ||
1دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران | ||
2استادیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور ارزیابی ژنوتیپهای برنج از لحاظ تحمل به خشکی و تعیین صفات مؤثر بر عملکرد دانه، 18 ژنوتیپ برنج (14 لاین جهشیافته نسل M5 و چهار رقم حساس به خشکی) تحت شرایط آبیاری کامل (بدون تنش) و تنش خشکی در مرحله زایشی بهصورت دو آزمایش جداگانه در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور در رشت طی سال زراعی 94-1393 ارزیابی شدند. تجزیه بایپلات ژنوتیپ در صفت نشان داد که عملکرد دانه تحت شرایط آبیاری کامل با تعداد پنجه، درصد باروری دانه و عرض دانه و تحت شرایط تنش خشکی با طول و عرض دانه، تعداد پنجه، درصد باروری دانه و تعداد دانه پر همبستگی مثبت داشت. شاخصهای متوسط بهرهوری (MP)، میانگین هندسی تولید (GMP)، میانگین هارمونیک (HarM)، شاخص تحمل به تنش (STI) و شاخص عملکرد (YI)، شاخصهای مناسب در شناسایی ژنوتیپهای برتر در شرایط تنش بودند. بر اساس شاخصهای تحمل به خشکی و نمود کلی صفات در شرایط تنش، ارقام خزر، هاشمی، طارم و گیلانه حساسترین و لاینهای موتانت 1، 2، 3، 4 (همگی از رقم طارم محلی) و 7 (از رقم هاشمی)، بهترتیب با میانگین عملکرد 33/2788، 00/2163، 33/2178، 00/2194 و 00/2375 کیلوگرم در هکتار تحت شرایط تنش خشکی، متحملترین ژنوتیپها بودند. بر اساس نمره تحمل به تنش (STS) نیز این لاینها متحملترین ژنوتیپها بودند. بنابراین، به نظر میرسد که استفاده از موتاسیون توانسته باشد تحمل به خشکی را در نتاج افزایش دهد. این لاینهای موتانت علاوه بر استفاده بهعنوان والدین تلاقیها، میتوانند بهعنوان ارقام متحمل به خشکی نیز معرفی شوند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بایپلات ژنوتیپ × صفت؛ شاخص عملکرد؛ موتاسیون؛ نمره تحمل به تنش | ||
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