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اثرات حشرهکشهای اسپیروتترامات، استامیپرید، پیریمیکارب و فلونیکامید روی زنبور پارازیتوئید Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) (Hym.: Braconidae) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی | ||
تحقیقات آفات گیاهی | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 8، شماره 2، شهریور 1397، صفحه 67-81 اصل مقاله (681.85 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/iprj.2018.2996 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
ندا امینی جم* 1؛ سیما کبیری دهکردی2 | ||
1گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول، ایران | ||
2گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
بررسی اثرات جانبی حشرهکشها روی دشمنان طبیعی آفات ضروری بهنظر میرسد. در این پژوهش، سمیت حشرهکشهای اسپیروتترامات، استامیپرید، پیریمیکارب و فلونیکامید روی زنبور پارازیتوئید Lysiphlebus fabarum مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بهعلاوه، اثر زیرکشندهی حشرهکشها روی واکنش تابعی پارازیتوئید نسبت به تراکمهای 2، 4، 8، 16، 32 و 64 پوره سن سوم شته سیاه باقلا، Aphis fabae در شرایط آزمایشگاهی ارزیابی شد. برای تعیین سمیت حشرهکشها روی حشرات کامل پارازیتوئید، از روش زیست سنجی تماس با باقیمانده حشرهکشها استفاده شد. بهمنظور ارزیابی واکنش تابعی پارازیتوئید، مادههای جفتگیری کرده که کمتر از 12 ساعت عمر داشتند، در معرض سطح آغشته به غلظت LC25 حشرهکشهای مذکور و آب مقطر بهعنوان شاهد در استوانههای شیشهای قرار گرفتند. آزمایشها در 15 تکرار انجام شد. میزان LC50 حشرهکشهای استامیپرید، پیریمیکارب و فلونیکامید بهترتیب 5/22، 6/75 و 1/302 پیپیام بود. در مورد حشرهکش اسپیروتترامات تا سه برابر غلظت مزرعهای (500 پیپیام)، حداکثر 16 درصد تلفات مشاهده شد. واکنش تابعی در شاهد و تیمارهای حشرهکش از نوع دوم بود. قدرت جستجوگری (a) در شاهد و تیمارهای اسپیروتترامات، استامیپرید، پیریمیکارب و فلونیکامید بهترتیب 01/0±0689/0، 01/0±0480/0، 06/0±0272/0، 01/0±0475/0 و 01/0±0532/ 0 بار در ساعت و زمان دستیابی (Th) بهترتیب 04/0±4322/0، 06/0±5148/0، 18/0±1004/1، 08/0±4558/0 و 04/0±4601/0 ساعت تخمین زده شد. طبق نتایج بهدست آمده، حشرهکشهای اسپیروتترامات، فلونیکامید و پیریمیکارب در مقایسه با استامیپرید، اثرات جانبی کمتری روی پارازیتوئید L. fabarum داشتند و گزینههای مناسبی برای کنترل شته A. fabae در تلفیق با پارازیتوئید L. fabarum هستند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اثر زیرکشنده؛ شته سیاه باقلا؛ قدرت جستجوگری؛ زمان دستیابی | ||
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