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تأثیر پیش تیمار بذر سویا با باکتریهای ریزوبیومی و محرک رشدی بر گره زایی و بهینهسازی مصرف کود نیتروژن | ||
علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران | ||
مقاله 9، دوره 5، شماره 3، مهر 1397، صفحه 117-129 اصل مقاله (1.61 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/jms.2018.2939 | ||
نویسنده | ||
رضا تقی زاده* | ||
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد آستارا، آستارا، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر پیش تیمار بذر سویا با باکتریهای ریزوبیومی و محرک رشدی بر گرهبندی و بهینهسازی مصرف کود نیتروژن، آزمایشی در سال 1390 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اردبیل بهصورت کرت های خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن (صفر، 25، 50 و 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بهصورت اوره در کرتهای اصلی و پیش تیمار بذر با باکتری ریزوبیوم جاپونیکوم و باکتریهای محرک رشد ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم استرین 5، ازوسپریلیوم لیپوفروم استرین OF و عدم تلقیح بذر (شاهد) با باکتریها در کرتهای فرعی بودند. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد که با افزایش میزان کود مصرفی، کارآیی مصرف کود کاهش یافت. بیشترین تعداد (16) و وزن خشک گرهها (16 میلیگرم) در تلقیح بذر با ریزوبیوم جاپونیکوم مربوط به تیمار 50 کیلوگرم کود اوره در هکتار و کمترین آنها در حالت عدم تلقیح و عدم مصرف کود برآورد گردید. همچنین، بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه (22/117 سانتیمتر)، تعداد نیام در بوته (76/54)، وزن صد دانه (26/28 گرم) و عملکرد دانه در واحد سطح (267 گرم در مترمربع) مربوط به در تیمار 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار اوره به همراه تلقیح بذر با ریزوبیوم جاپونیکوم بود. در سطح کودی ۷۵ کیلوگرم در هکتار اوره، تلقیح با باکتریهای محرک رشد ازوسپریلیوم، ازتوباکتر و باکتری ریزوبیوم باعث افزایش عملکرد (به ترتیب 4/14، 4/21 و 6/40 درصد) نسبت به عدم تلقیح بذر شد. بر اساس این نتایج، میتوان کاربرد 75 کیلوگرم اوره در هکتار به همراه تلقیح بذر با ریزوبیوم را برای سودمندی تولید سویا در منطقه مورد مطالعه پیشنهاد نمود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
باکتریهای محرک رشد؛ باکتریهای ریزوبیومی؛ تلقیح بذر؛ سویا؛ نیتروژن؛ گرهزایی | ||
مراجع | ||
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