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اثر تیمار سرمادهی بر ویژگیهای فیزیولوژیک جوانهزنی سه رقم سویا | ||
علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران | ||
مقاله 10، دوره 4، شماره 4، اسفند 1396، صفحه 115-130 | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/jms.2018.2522 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
داریوش تقوی* 1؛ محمد صدقی2؛ علی عبادی2؛ امید سفالیان2؛ آیدین حمیدی3 | ||
1کرج | ||
2دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی | ||
3موسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال | ||
چکیده | ||
بهدلیل حساسیت گیاهچههای سویا به سرما، مطالعه حاضر بهمنظور اثر مدت زمان سرمادهی و رقم بر ویژگیهای فیزیولوژیک جوانهزنی بذر سویا، آزمایشی بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با تیمارهای آزمایش شامل پنج سطح پیشسرمایی (شاهد، 10، 20، 30 و 40 روز) در دمای 4 درجه سلسیوس و سه رقم (جیکا ، لینفورد و کلین) در آزمایشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی بذر دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال 93 با سه تکرار به اجرا درآمد. صفات درصد جوانهزنی، سرعت جوانهزنی، سدیم، پتاسیم، کلسیم، هدایت الکتریکی، قند محلول، فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و پراکسیداز اندازهگیری شد. اثر متقابل رقم وپیشسرمایی بر تمام ویژگیهای بیوشیمیایی جوانهزنی بذور بهجز فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز،کاتالاز و هدایت الکتریکی معنیدار بود. بیشترین درصد و سرعت جوانهزنی از تیمار 40 روز پیشسرمایی بهدست آمد. با افزایش مدت زمان سرمادهی از شاهد (بدون سرمادهی) به 40 روز سرمادهی هدایت الکتریکی بذور به میزان 27 درصد افزایش یافت. اثر متقابل رقم و سرمادهی بر روی عناصر معدنی سدیم، پتاسیم و کلسیم معنیدار بود و با افزایش مدت سرمادهی درصد سدیم کاهش و پتاسیم و کلسیم افزایش یافت. 40 روز سرمادهی موجب افزایش 5/8 درصدی قند محلول نسبت به شاهد (بدون سرمادهی) گردید. فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدانت کاتالاز و پراکسیداز با افزایش طول مدت سرمادهی افزایش یافت. بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز از رقم مقاوم به سرما (جیکا) با مقدار 50/8 میکرومولار بر دقیقه بر گرم وزن تر و بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز از 40 روز سرمادهی به مقدار 24/37 میکرومولار بر دقیقه بر گرم وزن تر بهدست آمد. با توجه به نتایج فیزیولوژیک حاصله تیمار 40 روز سرمادهی بهدلیل بالابودن درصد و سرعت جوانهزنی، فعالیت بالای آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدانت و قند محلول برای استقرار بهتر گیاهچهها و کشت توصیه میگردد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدانت؛ سرما؛ سویا؛ قند | ||
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