تعداد نشریات | 31 |
تعداد شمارهها | 748 |
تعداد مقالات | 7,108 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 10,240,924 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 6,898,434 |
اثرات کود گاوی کمپوست شده و تازه بر ظهور و رشد گیاهچه دم روباهی سبز (Setaria viridis) و گاوپنبه (Abutilon theophrasti) | ||
علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران | ||
مقاله 4، دوره 4، شماره 2، شهریور 1396، صفحه 45-54 اصل مقاله (830.39 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/jms.2017.2496 | ||
نویسنده | ||
مرجان دیانت* | ||
دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی- واحد علوم و تحقیقات | ||
چکیده | ||
دو آزمایش جداگانه در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در سال 1393 به منظور ارزیابی اثرات کاربرد کود گاوی کمپوست (پوسیده شده) و تازه در خاک روی ظهور و رشد گیاهچه بذور دم روباهی سبز و گاوپنبه انجام شد. تیمارها شامل کود پوسیده شده به میزان 15،30 و 60 تن در هکتار و مقادیر کود تازه نیز شامل 40، 80 و 120 تن در هکتار و شاهد بدون کود بودند. صفات مورد بررسی ظهور گیاهچه، تعداد برگ، سطح برگ، ارتفاع گیاه، وزن خشک گیاه و تعداد بذر تولیدی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که حداکثر ظهور دم روباهی سبز و گاوپنبه در تیمار شاهد (خاک) حاصل شد. کود دامی تازه در مقایسه با شاهد و کود کمپوست شده رشد دم روباهی سبز و گاوپنبه را کاهش داد. کود کمپوست تولید بذر دم روباهی سبز را در مقایسه با شاهد (خاک) افزایش نداد اما به میزان 30 تن در هکتار توانست تولید بذر گاوپنبه را در مقایسه با خاک افزایش دهد. تفاوت هایی بین گونه های علف های هرز مورد مطالعه در عکس العمل به کود آلی اضافه شده به خاک وجود داشت. بسته به گونه علف هرز، استفاده از کود کمپوست یا کود تازه ممکن است نیاز به مدیریت علف هرز را افزایش دهد | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تولید بذر؛ سطح برگ؛ علف هرز و کود آلی | ||
مراجع | ||
Alka¨mper, J. 1976. Influence of weed infestation on effect of fertilizer dressings. Pflanzen.-Nachr. Bayer, 29: 191–235. (Journal) Amisi, K. J. 2005. Strategies for Managing Weeds in a Wheat, Red Clover, Vegetable Crop Rotation Transitioning to Organic Production. Ph.D. dissertation. Wooster, OH: The Ohio State University. Pp. 28, 45: 131–137. (Journal) Amisi, J. K. and Doohan, D. 2010. Redroot Pigweed (Amaranthusretroflexus) Seedling Emergence and Growth in Soils Amended with Composted Dairy Cattle Manure and Fresh Dairy Cattle Manure under Greenhouse Conditions. Weed Technology, 24: 71-75. (Journal) Blackshaw, R. E., Molnar, L. J. and Larney, F. J. 2005. Fertilizer, manure and compost effects on weed growth and competition with winter wheat in western Canada. Crop Protection, 24: 971–980. (Journal) Blumenthal, D. N., Jordan, N. R., and Russelle, M. P. 2003. Soil carbon addition controls weeds and facilitates prairie restoration. Journal of Applied Ecology, 13: 605–615. (Journal) Bodruzzaman, M., Sadat, M. A., Meisner, C. A., Hossain, A. B. S. and Khan, H. H. 2002. Direct and residual effects of applied organic manures on yield in a wheat–rice cropping pattern [Online]. Available at www.cimmytbd.org/Publications/17WCSS/Bodruzzaman.pdf (accessed 26 May 2005; verified 31 Mar. 2006). CIMMYT, Dhaka, Bangladesh.(Journal) Chen, Y. and Aviad, T. 1990. Effects of humic substances on plant growth. inMacCarthy, P., Clapp, C. E., Malcolm, R. L. and Bloom, P. R. (Eds). Humic Substances in Soil and Crop Sciences: Selected Readings. Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America. pp. 161–186. (Journal) Cherney, D. J. R., Cherney, J. H. and Mikhailova, E. A. 2002. Orchardgrass and tall fescue utilization of nitrogen from diary manure and commercial fertilizer. Agronomy Journal, 94: 405–412. (Journal) De Cauwer, B., van den Berge, K., Cougnon, Bulcke, M., R. and Reheul, D. 2009. Size and composition of the weed seed bank after 12 years of continuous application of different fertilization systems. 13th International Conference on Weed Biology. Dijon (Burgundy): France. pp: 206-218. (Journal) Jackson, L. E., Ramirez, I., Yokota, R., Fennimore, S. A., Koike, S. T., Henderson, D. M., Chaney, W. E., Calderon, F.J. and Klonsky, K. 2004. On-farm assessment of organic matter and tillage management on vegetable yield, soil, weeds, pests, and economics in California. Agriculture Ecosystem Environment, 103: 443–463. (Journal) Clark, M. S., Horwath, W. R. Shennan, C. and Scow, K. M. 1998. Changes in soil chemical properties resulting from organic and lowinput farming practices. Agronomy Journal, 90:662–671. (Journal) Douds, D. D., Galvez , L., Franke-Snyder, M., Reider, C. and Drinkwater, L. E. 1997. Effect of compost addition and crop rotation point upon VAM fungi. Agriculture Ecosystem Environment, 65: 257–266. (Journal) Eghball, B. and Power, J. F. 1999a. Composted and noncomposted manure application to conventional and no-tillage systems: Corn yield and nitrogen uptake. Agronomy Journal , 91: 819–825. (Journal) Eghball, B. and Power, J. F. 1999b. Phosphorus- and nitrogen-based manure and compost applications: Corn production and soil properties. Soil Science Society of American Journl, 63: 895–901. (Journal) Eghball, B. 2002. Soil properties as influenced by phosphorus- and nitrogen-based manure and compost applications. Agronomy Journal, 94: 128–135. (Journal) Eghball, B., Ginting, D. and Gilley, J. E. 2004. Residual effects of manure and compost applications on corn production and soil properties. Agronomy Journal, 96: 442–447. (Journal) Fabia, N., Menalled Keith, A., Kohler, B., Douglas, D., Buhler, C. and Matt, L. 2005. Effects of composted swine manure on weed seed bank. Agriculture Ecosystem Environment, 111: 63–69.(Journal) Grandy, A. S., Porter, G. A. and Erich, M. S. 2002. Organic amendment and rotation crop effects on the recovery of soil organic matter and aggregation in potato cropping systems. Soil Science Society American Journal, 66: 1311–1319. (Journal) Klironomos, J. N. 2002. Feedback with soil biota contributes to plant rarity and invasiveness in communities. Nature, 417: 67–70. (Journal) Liebman, M. and Mohler, C. L. 2001. Weeds and the soil environment. InLiebman, M. Mohler, C. L. and Staver, C. P. (Eds.). Ecological Management of Agricultural Weeds. Cambridge University Press. U.K. pp: 210–268. (Journal) Liebman, M, Menalled, F. D., Buhler, D. D., Richard, T, Sundberg, D., Cambardella, C. and Kohler, K. 2004. Impacts of composted swine manure on weed and corn nutrient uptake, growth,and competitive interactions. Weed Science, 52: 365–375. (Journal) Loecke, T. D., Liebman, M., Cambardella, C.A. and T. L. Richards. 2004a. Corn growth responses to composted and fresh solid swine manure. Crop Science, 44: 177–184. (Journal) Loecke, T. D., Liebman, M., Cambardella, C. A. and T. L. Richards. 2004b. Corn response to composting and time of application of solid swine manure. Agronomy Journal, 96: 214–223. (Journal) Matsi, T., Lithourgidis, A. S. and Gagianas, A. A. 2003. Effects of injected liquid cattle manure on growth and yield of winter wheat and soil characteristics. Agronomy Journal, 95: 592–596. (Journal) Menalled, F. D., Buhler, D. D. and Liebman, M. 2005. Composted swine manure effects on germination and early growth of crop and weed species under greenhouse conditions. Weed Technology, 19: 784–789. (Journal) Menalled, F. D., Liebman, M. and Buhler, D. D. 2004. Impact of composted swine manure and tillage on common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) competition with soybean. Weed Science, 52: 605–613. (Journal) Menalled, F. D., Liebman, M. and Buhler, D. 2002. Impact of composted swine manure on crop and weed establishment and growth. Proceedings of the 15th Workshop of the European Weed Research Society on Physical and Cultural Weed Control. Pisa, Italy. pp: 183. (Journal) Mugwira, L. M., Nyamangara, J. and Hikwa, D. 2002. Effects of manure and fertilizer on maize at a research station and in a smallholder area of Zimbabwe. Communication Soil Science Plant Anals, 33: 379–402. (Journal) Ozores-Hampton, M., Obreza, T. A., Stoffella, P. J. and Fitzpatrick, G. 2002. Immature compost suppresses weed growth under greenhouse conditions. Compost Science Utility, 10: 105–113. (Journal) Ozores-Hampton, M., Stoffella, P. J., Bewick, T. A., Cantliffe, D. J. and Obreza, T. A. 1999. Effect of age of cocomposted MSW and biosolids on weed seed germination. Compost Science Utility, 7: 51–57. (Journal) Qasem, J. R. 1992. Nutrient accumulation by weeds and their associated vegetable crops. Journal of Horticulture Science, 67: 189–195. (Journal) Rynk, R., van de Kamp, M., Wilson, G. B., Singley, M. E., Richard, T. L. and Kolega, J. J. 1992. On-farm composting handbook. Northeast Regional Agric. Eng. Serv., Ithaca, NY. (Journal) Shiralpour, A. and McConnell, D. B. 1991. Effects of compost heat and phytotoxins on germination of certain Florida weed seeds. Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida Proceedings, 50: 154-157. (Journal) Seibert, A. C. and Pearce, R. B. 1993. Growth analysis of weed and crop species with reference to seed weight. Weed Science, 41: 52–56. (Journal) Singer, J. W., Kohler, K. A., Liebman, M., Richard, T. L., Cambardella, C.A. and Buhler, D.D.2004. Tillage and compost affect yield of corn, soybean, and wheat and soil fertility. Agronomy Journal, 96: 531–537. (Journal) Simpson, K. 1986. Fertilizers and manures. New York: Longman Group Limited. 254 p. Cardina, J., Regnier, E. and Harrison, K. 1991. Long-term effects on seed banks in three Ohio soils. Weed Science, 39: 186–194. (Journal) Singh, K. A. 1999. Golden timothy grass under integrated nutrient management on an acid Inceptisol under humid sub-tropical climate. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad), 76: 104–108. (Journal) Tiquia, S. M., Richard, T. L. and Honeyman, M. S. 2002. Carbon, nutrient and mass loss during composting. Nutral Cycling Agroecosystem, 62: 15–24. (Journal) Valdrighi, M. M., Pera, A., Agnolucci, M., Frassinetti, S., Lunardi, D. and Vallini, G. 1996. Effects of compost-derived humic acids on vegetable biomass production and microbial growth within a plant (Cichorium intybus)-soil system: a comparative study. Agriculture, Ecosystem. Environment, 58: 133–144. (Journal) Vengris, J., Colby, W. G. and Drake, M. 1955. Plant nutrient competition between weeds and corn. Agronomy Journal, 47: 213–216. (Journal) | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,961 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 702 |