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بررسی اثر عوامل مدیریت زراعی بر شاخصهای تنوع بیماری های قارچی و عملکرد گندم در شهرستان گرگان با استفاده از روش تحلیل درخت تصمیم گیری CART | ||
تحقیقات غلات | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 6، شماره 4، دی 1395، صفحه 489-505 اصل مقاله (680.63 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
نویسندگان | ||
ابراهیم زینوند لرستانی1؛ بهنام کامکار* 2؛ سید اسماعیل رضوی3 | ||
1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران | ||
2دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران | ||
3استادیار، گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
بهمنظور بررسی اثر عوامل کمی و کیفی مدیریت زراعی بر بیماریهای قارچی و عملکرد گندم، مطالعهای در بهار سال 1389 در 67 مزرعه از هشت روستا واقع در چهار جهت شهرستان گرگان صورت گرفت. نمونهبرداری از مزارع گندم با استفاده از کادر 25/0 مترمربعی صورت گرفت. سپس بیماریهای قارچی شناسایی و برای محاسبه تنوع زیستی قارچهای بیمارگر از دو شاخص هتروژنیتی شانون- وینر و سیمپسون استفاده شد. عوامل کمّی و کیفی مدیریتی در قالب پرسشنامه از کشاورزان تهیه شد. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها با روش درخت تصمیمگیری CART(Classification and Regression Trees) نشان داد که کود نیتروژن، تراکم گیاهی و کود پتاس مهمترین عوامل مدیریتی اثرگذار بر تغییرات شاخص تنوع شانون- وینر و کود نیتروژن، تراکم گیاهی و کود فسفر مهمترین عوامل مدیریتی اثرگذار بر تغییرات شاخص سیمپسون بودند. علاوه بر این، بیشترین تغییرات عملکرد گندم بهطور عمده توسط سه عامل مدیریتی میزان بذر، کود نیتروژن و تناوب پاییزه دو سال قبل نشان داده شد. بهطور کلی دو عامل مدیریتی کود نیتروژن و میزان بذر مصرفی یا تراکم گیاهی در بین شاخصهای تنوع و عملکرد گندم مشترک بودند که کود نیتروژن بهترتیب 38 و 31 درصد از تغییرات شاخصهای شانون- وینر و سمپسون و میزان بذر مصرفی 46 درصد از تغییرات عملکرد گندم را شامل شدند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که مقدار مناسب کود نیتروژن و تراکم گیاهی مطلوب راهکارهای مدیریتی مؤثر در بهبود عملکرد گندم و کاهش بیماریهای قارچی آن در استان گلستان هستند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
شاخص سیمپسون؛ شاخص شانون- وینر؛ دادهکاوی | ||
مراجع | ||
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