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اثرات حشره کشی فرمولاسیون استیک اسانس پنج گونه گیاه دارویی علیه شپشه دندانه دار Oryzaephilus surinamensis و لمبه غلات، Trogoderma granarium | ||
| تحقیقات آفات گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 7، شماره 1، خرداد 1396، صفحه 29-42 اصل مقاله (289.66 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/iprj.2017.2268 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم عطاپور* 1؛ علیرضا بلندنظر2؛ محمدرضا معمارزاده2 | ||
| 1پژوهشکده کشاورزی، سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی ایران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی باریج، کاشان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اسانس های برخی از گونه های گیاهی خواص حشر هکشی خوبی علیه آفات انباری، که یکی از مهم ترین عوامل خسارتزای پس از برداشت مواد غذایی به شمار می‌آیند از خود نشان دادهاند. در این مطالعه اسانس گیاهان گلپر (Heracleum persicum)، آویشن (Thymus vulgaris)، اکالیپتوس (Eucalyptus globules)، نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita) و ژرانیوم (Pelargonium roseum) به صورت استیکهای 5/2 گرمی (10 درصد) فرموله شد و میزان تلفات، دورکنندگی و دوام اثر کشندگی آن ها روی دو گونه از آفات مهم انباری شامل شپشه دندانه دار، Oryzaephilus surinamensis، و لمبه غلات، Trogoderma granarium، در آزمایشگاه در دمای 1 ± 28 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 5 ± 70 درصد در شرایط تاریکی بررسی شد. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که در میان گیاهان مختلف استیک ژرانیوم وگلپر کمترین اثر کشندگی و نعناع فلفلی و آویشن بیشترین تاثیر کشندگی را به ویژه روی شپشه دندانه دار داشته اند. بالاترین اثر دورکنندگی در نعناع فلفلی و اکالیپتوس روی شپشه دندانه دار مشاهده شد (به ترتیب 94 و 6/91 درصد)، در حالی که دورکنندگی ژرانیوم روی هر دو گونه آفت زیر 20 درصد مشاهده شد. دوام کشندگی استیک ها در مقایسه با اسانس خالص گیاهان تفاوت معنی داری داشت، به طوری که از روز چهارم تا پایان هفته هشتم میزان تلفات به طور تقریبی ثابت بود، در حالی که دوام اسانس های خالص پس از 2-3 هفته به شدت کاهش یافت که نشان دهنده رهایش آهسته اسانس در فرمولاسیون استیک می باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسانس؛ فرمولاسیون استیک؛ سمیت تنفسی؛ دورکنندگی؛ دوام | ||
| مراجع | ||
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