پیوندهای مفید
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 31 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 748 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,108 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 10,240,826 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 6,898,364 |
An investigation on the climate and ecology of the southeast region of the Caspian Sea in the first millennium AD based on archaeological data | ||
| Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences | ||
| مقاله 15، دوره 9، شماره 2، تیر 2011، صفحه 267-278 اصل مقاله (856.12 K) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| K. Sabetraftar1؛ Sh. Shafii* 2 | ||
| 1E. Taghvaye Salimi *1,2, K. Soleimani1, M. Habibnejad Roshan1, K. Sabetraftar3,4 1- Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Mazandaran, Sari, Iran. 2- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Somehsara, Iran. 3- Department of Environmental Science , Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Somehsara, Iran. 4- School of Resources, Environment & Society(SRES), The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia *Corresponding author?s E-mail: edristaghvaei@yahoo.com | ||
| 2*1, 2, K. Sabetraftar3, 4, | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The vegetation covering of a region has a direct correlation with climate. So if data is available for vegetation cover, the second variable (climate) can be easily predicted and in reverse. The dominant species in a region are indication of its climatic conditions and vice versa. Accordingly, this is of significance in the science of historical botany. Fortunately, from the first millennium AD, and during the rule of Parthian and Sassanian era, documents and archeological evidence is considerable indicating climatic and habitat conditions as well as biodiversity in the region. However, this evidence has not been used for biological sciences and ecology. Through the discovery of 2746 clay tablet writings in the ancient area of Nisa which were the actual delivery receipts of stock to a storage house, researchers are now able to study data regarding socio-economic conditions that prevailed in the Partian society and agricultural activities which took place in northern Khorasan during the first and second century BC. Moreover, Rhyton (golden and silver vessels) discovered in Sassanid era, in the first millennium AD were totally important based on animal geography. After identifying the dominant agricultural species contained on the clay tablets and the mammalian single indicator that were depicted on Rhyton, our investigation team was able to determine the appropriate climatic conditions and individual habitat circumstances for these species. Consequently, this evidence accomplished that there is no noticeable change based on the development of the dominant species of fauna and flora in the southeast of the Caspian Sea in the first millennium AD. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Archeological evidence؛ the first millennium AD؛ southeast of the Caspian Sea؛ animal geography؛ Nisa | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Anderson, S.C. (1968) Zoo-geographic analysis of the lizard fauna of Iran. The Cambridge History of Iran (ed. Fisher W.B.) Vol.1, pp 305-371.
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Diakonoff, I.M. and Livshits, A. (2004) Parthian Economic Documents from Nisa. Translated by: Shahram Heydarabadian. Shabda Press, Tehran. p. 222. Shafii and Sabetraftar 277
Eilers, W. (1983) Iran and Mesopotamians. The Cambridge History of Iran (ed. Yarshater E.) Vol. III (1). Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Elhai, H. (1978) Biogéographie. Colin, Paris. p. 406. Firouz, E. (2000) Iranian Wildlife (Vertebrata). Center for Academic Publishing, 1st Edition, Tehran. Frey, W. and Wilfred, P. (1986) A Synopsis of the Vegetation of Iran. Contributions to the vegetation of Southwest Asia(ed. Kurschner H.). Ludwig Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden.
Ghirshman, R. (1962). Persian Art: 249 B.C. to A.D. 651: The Parthian and Sassanian Dynasties. Golden Press, New York. Ghirshman, R. (1964). Art of Ancient Iran: From its Origins to the time of Alexander the great. Golden Press, New York.
Hedge, I.C. and Wendelbo A, (1978). Patterns of Distributions and Endemism in Iran. Notes from the Royal Botanical Garden. Edinburgh. 36:pp. 441 - 464.
Horton, A. (1916). Enquiry into Plants and Minor Works on Odors and Weather Signs. By Theophrastus and translated by Sir Arthur Hort. Vol. I & II. W Heinemann, London.
Huetz de Lemps, A. (1970). La Végétation de la Terre. Masson et Cie , Paris. Jafarpour, E. (1998). Climatology. Tehran University Press, Tehran. p.400
Morton, A.G. (1981). History of Botanical Science. Academic Press, London. p. 474 National Geographical Organization (NGO) (2000). Gazetteer of Mountains in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Vol. IV. Tehran. p. 521
Saeedian, A.H. (2000). Iranian Cities. Life Sciences Publications, Tehran. Stoskopf, N. (1997). Cereal Grain Crops, Translated by: M.H. Rashed Mohssel. University of Mashhad, Iran. p. 406
Takhtajan, A. (1986). Phytogeography of Iran. Translated by H. Madjnoonian. Department of the Environment, Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), Tehran. p 65.
Tunçdilek, N. (1973). Bölgesel Coğrafyanin Prensipleri: Tabiı Bölgeler. Üniversite si Coğrafya Enstitüsü, Istanbul.
Ziaie, H. (1996). Mammals of Iran. Department of the Environment, Tehran. p.298
Zohary, M. (1973). Phytogeography of Iran. Translated by H Madjnoonian. Department of the Environment (IRI), Tehran. p 6. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,021 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,824 |
||