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Effects of Skid Trail Slope and Ground Skidding on Soil Disturbance | ||
| Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 8، شماره 1، فروردین 2010، صفحه 13-23 اصل مقاله (270.83 K) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| A. Najafi* 1؛ A. Solgi2؛ S.H. Sadeghi3 | ||
| 1Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources. Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran. *Corresponding author's E-mail: a.najafi@modares.ac.ir | ||
| 2Dept. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran. | ||
| 3Dept. of Watershed Management Eengineering, Tarbiat Modares Universiy Noor, Mazandaran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The effects of traffic frequency and skid trail slope on dry bulk density, litter mass and rutting are examined. Treatments included a combination of four different traffic frequencies (3, 7, 14, and 20 passes of a rubber skidder) and three levels of slope (<10%, 10%-20% and > 20%.) The results showed that dry bulk density, rut depth and soil displacement increased with the increase of traffic frequency and slope, but floor coverage decreased. Within each traffic treatment soil compaction raised with the increase of skid trail slope, so that significant differences in dry bulk density were observed between slope of < 20% and those one >20% . Bulk density has become quite close to the critical value after 14 cycles. With increase of the skidder cycles from 14 to 20, bulk density remained approximately constant. We observed soil displacement on the treatments with 7 cycles: rutting on the treatments started with 7 cycles and slope of >20%. 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E., Kolb T.E. and Covington, W.W (1999) Effects of restoration thinning on presettlement Pinus ponderosa in northern Arizona. Res. Eco. 7: 172-182. Tan, X., Kabzem R. and Chang, S.X (2006) Response of forest vegetation and foliar δ13C and δ15N to soil compaction and forest floor removal in a boreal aspen forest. For. Eco. and Management 222: 450- 458. Thomas, G.W., Haszler, G.R. and Blevins, R.I (1996) The effect of organic matter and tillage on maximum compactibility of soils using the proctor test. Sol Sci. 161: 502–508. Williamson, J.R. and Neilsen, W.A. (2003) The effect of soil compaction, profile disturbance and fertilizer application on the growth of eucalyptus seedlings in two glasshouse studies. Sol & Till. Res. 71: 95–107. Woodward, C.L. (1996) Soil compaction and topsoil removal effects on soil properties and seedling growth in Amazonian Ecuador. For. Eco. and Management. 82: 197-209. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| soil compaction؛ Rutting؛ Forest Floor؛ Soil Displacement؛ Skidding؛ Iranian forest | ||
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