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Morphological and phytochemical variation in Salix species from Ardabil Province, Northwestern Iran | ||
| Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences | ||
| مقالات آماده انتشار، اصلاح شده برای چاپ، انتشار آنلاین از تاریخ 03 شهریور 1405 | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/cjes.2026.9872 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Abohassan Farhang Sardrodi؛ Younes Pourbeyrami Hir* ؛ Mousa Torabi Giglou | ||
| Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The genus Salix is increasingly recognized for its medicinal compounds, vegetative regeneration, and biomass productivity. Yet, no comprehensive studies in Iran have quantitatively assessed its ecotypic diversity or the combined effects of environmental, genetic, and gender-related factors on key traits. This study evaluated 19 Salix specimens representing 11 species collected from different locations across Ardabil Province using comparative and multivariate approaches. We measured ten quantitative morphological traits, along with total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and DPPH antioxidant activity in bark and leaves. Principal Component Analysis showed that the first three components explained 71.14% of the observed morphological variation, with PC₁ primarily associated with trunk diameter, bud length, and height, while PC₂ was mainly associated with crown area and leaf weight. The PCA revealed variation in the morphological characteristics of the sampled specimens. S. alba showed relatively high PC₁ scores, whereas S. acmophylla female and S. elbursensis female from Khalkhal City showed relatively low PC₁ scores. Crown area exceeded tree height in most sampled specimens. Total phenolic content was generally higher in bark than in leaves, whereas flavonoid content was generally higher in leaves than in bark, indicating differences between plant organs. Considerable variation was also observed in DPPH antioxidant activity among the sampled specimens. Since one representative tree was sampled for each species or ecotype, the observed differences should be interpreted as descriptive patterns rather than statistically established effects of species, gender, ecotype, age, or environmental factors. These findings provide baseline information on morphological and phytochemical variation among the sampled Salix specimens in Ardabil Province and support the need for future studies using replicated sampling to investigate species-, gender-, and environment-related effects. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| DPPH؛ Morphological characteristics؛ Salix genus؛ Total flavonoid؛ Total phenol | ||
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