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نقش برنامهریزی در به حاشیه رانده شدن تهیدستان شهری (خوانش انتقادی بازتولید حاشیه در شهرهای ایران) | ||
| دانش شهرسازی | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 10، شماره 2، تیر 1405، صفحه 42-74 اصل مقاله (1.21 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/upk.2026.32419.2094 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| میلاد دوستوندی* 1؛ کیومرث ایراندوست2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران | ||
| 2استادگروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بیان مسئله: برنامهریزی شهری در ایران معمولاً در قامت کنشی فنی و بیطرف معرفی میشود، در حالی که در بستر پیوند ساختاری میان قدرت، انباشت سرمایه و کنترل اجتماعی عمل میکند. این فرایند، نهتنها فضا را سامان میدهد، بلکه بهطور فعال در تولید و بازتولید نابرابری فضایی و بهحاشیهرانده شدن تهیدستان شهری نقش دارد. پرسش اصلی این پژوهش آن است که برنامهریزی چگونه در دل منطقهای اقتصاد سیاسی و سازوکارهای حکمرانی، به ابزاری برای طرد فضایی بدل میشود. هدف: واکاوی انتقادی نقش برنامهریزی در بازتولید حاشیه در شهرهای ایران و تحلیل چگونگی همنشینی قدرت، سرمایه و دانش در شکلدهی به قلمروهای رسمی و غیررسمی است. روش: پژوهش از پارادایم انتقادی و رویکرد کیفی بهره میگیرد و با اتکا بر چارچوب نظری اقتصاد سیاسی فضا، حکومتمندی و مطالعات جنوب جهانی، اسناد برنامهریزی، سیاستگذاریهای شهری و نهادهای اجرایی پس از انقلاب را با خوانشی انتقادی بررسی میکند یافتهها: نظام برنامهریزی ایران از مدرنیزاسیون تکنوکراتیک به حکمرانی با منطقهای نئولیبرالی و رانتی چرخش کرده است. سازوکارهایی مانند تغییرات گزینشی کاربری زمین، انعطافپذیری مقرراتی و بازآفرینیهای شهری سودمحور، رانتجویی ساختاری را تقویت کرده و طرد فضایی را نهادینه ساختهاند. تحلیل پژوهش سه سطح از بهحاشیهراندهشدن تهیدستان را آشکار میکند: سطح کلانِ پیوند دولت–بازار و سرمایهداری رانتی؛ سطح میانیِ برنامهریزی تقلیلگرا و شیءانگار؛ و سطح خردِ کنشهای بقا، سازش و مقاومت تهیدستان شهری. نتیجه گیری: مطالعه بیان میکند که برنامهریزی در ایران، همانند بسیاری از شهرهای جنوب جهانی، بیش از آنکه ابزاری برای تحقق عدالت فضایی باشد، سازوکار مدیریت نابرابری و تثبیت مرزهای حاشیه است. با این حال، کنشهای روزمره فرودستان ظرفیت برساختن اشکال خُردی از سیاست شهری و مقاومت فضایی را در دل نظمهای طردکننده نشان میدهد؛ ظرفیتی که بازاندیشی در الگوهای برنامهریزی و امکان حرکت بهسوی سیاستگذاری مبتنی بر عدالت فضایی را ضروری میسازد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| برنامهریزی شهری؛ تفکر انتقادی؛ انباشت سرمایه؛ قدرت؛ غیررسمی بودگی؛ به حاشیه رانده شدن | ||
| مراجع | ||
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