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ورزش و هویتبخشی زنان در ایران | ||
| مدیریت و توسعه ورزش | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 16، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 49، فروردین 1406، صفحه 47-73 اصل مقاله (1.36 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license I Open Access I | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/jsmd.2025.31065.3005 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| معصومه فدایی ده چشمه* 1؛ سید رضا حسینی نیا2؛ محمد مهدی رحمتی3؛ هادی باقری2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزش، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار مدیریت ورزش، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار جامعه شناسی، گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش ورزش در هویت بخشی زنان در ایران انجام گرفته است. روششناسی: این پژوهش با روش آمیخته اکتشافی انجام و در بخش کیفی از روش برساختگرا (چارمز) و در بخش کمی از معیارهای تصمیمگیری چند معیاره (دنپ فازی) استفاده شد. نمونه پژوهش در بخش کیفی تمام ورزشکاران در سطح آماتور، قهرمانی و حرفهای همچنین مربیان تیمهای ملی و متخصصان علمی و دانشگاهی در حوزه مدیریت ورزشی و جامعهشناسی با تخصص در پژوهش ورزش زنان (تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری) و در بخش کمی 15 نفر از متخصصان آگاه با موضوع ورزش زنان و ورزشکاران حرفهای زن بودند. ابزار پژوهش شامل مصاحبه نیمهساختاریافته (کیفی) و پرسشنامه مقایسات زوجی دنپ فازی (کمی) بود. یافتهها: برآیند تحلیل 380 کد اولیه اصلی در این پژوهش، 41 کد متمرکز (مفهوم) بود که در نهایت به 9 مقوله اصلی تقلیل پیدا کردند. 8 مورد از این مقولات اصلی به عنوان عوامل اثرگذار بر هویتبخشی زنان استخراج شدند و سپس به روش دنپ فازی اولویتبندی شدند. نتایج نشان میدهد «کارکرد مربی» (0/1317) بیشترین تأثیر را در فرآیند هویتبخشی دارد و پس از آن «توانمندسازی زنان در زندگی از طریق ورزش» (0/1302)، «کلیشههای جنسیتی» (0.1293) «افزایش قدرت روانی زنان از طریق ورزش» (0/1287) در رتبههای بعدی و در ادامه «تبعیض جنسیتی» (0/1269)، «نگاه جنسیتی به رشتهها» (0/1212)، «مانعتراشی از طریق قوانین» (0/1177) و «سطح پایین سواد بدنی زنان» (0/1141) در رتبههای پایینتر قرار گرفتند. نتیجهگیری: فرآیند هویتبخشی زنان از طریق ورزش بیش از هر چیز تحت تأثیر عوامل حمایتی و توانمندسازی بهویژه نقش مربیان قرار دارد، در حالی که موانع ساختاری تبعیضهای جنسیتی اثر کمتری دارند. بنابراین، تقویت نقش مربیان، ارتقای فرصتهای توانمندساز ورزشی و اصلاح سیاستهای تبعیضآمیز میتواند مسیر هویتیابی زنان را تسهیل نماید. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| هویتیابی؛ هویت؛ کلیشههای جنسیتی؛ تبعیض جنسیتی | ||
| مراجع | ||
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