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ماهیت و ارکان مسُولیت مافوق در اساسنامه دیوان کیفری بین المللی با تاکید بر رویه قضایی دیوان در پرونده های اوکراین و فلسطین | ||
| پژوهشنامه حقوق کیفری | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 16، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 32، آذر 1404، صفحه 137-150 اصل مقاله (840.27 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/jol.2025.29622.2562 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| افسانه قربانی درزی محله1؛ مهین سبحانی* 2؛ مجتبی جانی پور3؛ محمدرضا نظری نژاد2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری گروه حقوق جزا و جرم شناسی، واحد اردبیل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اردبیل، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه حقوق، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران. | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه حقوق، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| یکی از اشکال مسئولیت کیفری در جرایم بینالمللی، مسئولیت مافوق مندرج در ماده 28 اساسنامه دیوان است که شامل مقامهای نظامی و غیرنظامی میشود. با صدور کیفرخواست علیه مقامهای عالیرتبه نظامی و غیرنظامی در پروندههای اوکراین و فلسطین توسط دیوان کیفری بینالمللی با استناد به مواد 25 و یا 28 اساسنامه دیوان این پرسش مطرح میگردد تحت چه شرایطی یک مافوق با وجود اشکال متنوع مسئولیت مقرر در ماده 25، به موجب ماده 28 واجد مسئولیت کیفری بینالمللی شناخته میشود؟ این مقاله با روش توصیفی تحلیلی ضمن بررسی اساسنامه و رویه قضایی دادگاههای کیفری بینالمللی به این نتیجه میرسد که مسئولیت مافوق به معنای خاص محدود به حالتی است که مافوق تعهد به کنترل مأموران خود را به درستی ایفا نمینماید، در نتیجه بهدلیل ترک فعلش و منوط به عدم اثبات سایر اشکال مسئولیت مندرج در ماده 25، واجد مسئولیت کیفری بینالمللی شناخته خواهد شد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| فرمانده؛ مافوق؛ کنترل مؤثر؛ دستوردادن؛ دیوان کیفری بین المللی | ||
| مراجع | ||
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