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Production and biological characteristics of medium-ripened apple varieties in Western Kazakhstan | ||
| Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences | ||
| دوره 23، شماره 3، مهر 2025، صفحه 699-705 اصل مقاله (520.01 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/cjes.2025.8946 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Meyramgul Mussina1؛ Akylbek Nurgaliyev* 1؛ Bibigul Gubasheva* 1؛ Gulbaram Nurgaliyeva* 1؛ Akzhbek Bulekova* 1؛ Sandugash Sungatkyzy1؛ Zhaukhazyn Sharafiyeva1؛ Saule Kazybayeva2 | ||
| 1Institute of veterinary and agrotechnology, Zhangir khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian and Technical University, Uralsk, Kazakhstan | ||
| 2Kazakh research institute of fruit & vegetable growing» LLP, Almaty, Kazakhstan | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Performance tests of two crop seasons (2024-2025) were conducted in semi-drought conditions of western Kazakhstan at the experimental farm of Aktobe Province, Tarbaghatai Station, with the aim of evaluating the productive and biological characters of four local mid-season apple genotypes: Aport Kazakh, Bayanauli Red, Zurbash Talaei, and Alma-Ata 1. Tested cultivars were grafted onto Arm-18 and B7-35 rootstocks and supported by drip irrigation at water demand of 80%. The results showed large genotypic differences in phenological indicators with the highest ripening period for Zurbash Talaei (158 DAF). B7-35 rootstock provided 18.1% yield increment and 14.2% photosynthetic stability enhancement under drought condition. Qualitatively, Red Bianaoli had the maximum level of bioactive compounds (254.6 mg gallic acid equivalents 100 g-1) and antioxidant capacity (68.3 μmol TE g-1). This cultivar preserved best too, with 91.6% tissue firmness retained after 90 days storage under a controlled atmosphere. Drought stress increased phenolic compounds by 22.4% in Alma-Ata 1, indicating stimulation of secondary metabolic processes. The high negative correlation between yield and antioxidant capacity (r = -41%) revealed the inherent paradox between production potentiality and nutritional value. Based on the findings, Red Bianaoli was identified as a best option for sustainable orchard development keeping in mind several benefits including stress tolerance (drought tolerance index 0.92), richness in bioactive compounds, and long-term storage capacity. The result of this study provides functional solutions to optimizing the horticultural system and the establishment of protocols to preserve indigenous genetic resources against climate change. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Native apple cultivars؛ Semi-arid horticulture؛ Drought-tolerant rootstocks؛ Bioactive compounds | ||
| مراجع | ||
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