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بررسی سمیت و ماندگاری دو حشره کش تیودیکارب و ایندوکساکارب روی زنبور پارازیتوئید Habrobracon hebetor درگیاه پنبه | ||
تحقیقات آفات گیاهی | ||
دوره 15، شماره 1، خرداد 1404، صفحه 65-83 اصل مقاله (1.37 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/iprj.2025.30379.1633 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
احمد جمشید بدخشی1؛ علی افشاری* 2؛ محسن یزدانیان2 | ||
1گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فاریاب، میمنه، افغانستان | ||
2گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
در این پژوهش، اثرات کشنده و زیرکشنده غلظت توصیهشده دو حشره کش تیودیکارب و ایندوکساکارب بر زنبور پارازیتوئید Habrobracon hebetor و نیز طول دورهی ماندگاری آن ها روی بوته های پنبه بررسی و بر اساس دستورالعمل IOBC طبقهبندی شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیودیکارب نسبت به ایندوکساکارب، قدرت کشندگی بیشتری علیه حشرات کامل پارازیتوئید داشت (تا 77/9درصد تلفات) و بر اساس شاخص "اثر کل" (کشندگی+ کاهش زادآوری)، به عنوان یک حشره کش مضر (گروه 4) طبقه بندی شد. تیودیکارب همچنین از سمیت شدیدی روی مراحل نابالغ زنبور برخوردار بود و تفریخ تخم ها و زنده مانی لاروها را نسبت به شاهد بهترتیب 95/9 و 82/8 درصد کاهش داد. اثرات کشنده و زیرکشنده ایندوکساکارب در مقایسه با تیودیکارب کمتر بود، بهطوریکه بیشترین تلفات و کاهش زادآوری ناشی از آن بهترتیب 27/34 و 48/7 درصد اندازه گیری شد و در گروه حشره کش های "نسبتاً مضر" تا "کم ضرر" (گروههای 2 تا 3) قرار گرفت. تیودیکارب همچنین نسبت به ایندوکساکارب از ماندگاری بیشتری روی بوته های پنبه برخوردار بود، بهطوریکه "اثر کل" آن تا 22 روز پس از سمپاشی، از 25 درصد بیشتر بود و بنابراین، در گروه حشره کش های "نیمه پایدار" (گروه 3) طبقه بندی شد. در مقابل، اثر باقی ماندههای ایندوکساکارب ده روز پس از سمپاشی به سطح بی ضرر رسید و به عنوان یک حشرهکش "کم دوام" طبقه بندی شد. به منظور حفاظت بهتر از جمعیت زنبور H. hebetor در مزارع پنبه، توصیه می شود که حشره کش تیودیکارب با یک حشرهکش کمخطرتر جایگزین و بین سمپاشی با ایندوکساکارب و رهاسازی زنبور پارازیتوئید، حداقل یک فاصله زمانی 10 روزه به عنوان "دوره انتظار" رعایت شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اثرات کشنده؛ اثر کل؛ حشرهکش؛ حفاظت | ||
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