
تعداد نشریات | 31 |
تعداد شمارهها | 804 |
تعداد مقالات | 7,707 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 35,373,197 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 7,819,381 |
تأثیر جایگزینی کنجاله سویا و کنجاله پنبه دانه با مکمل تجاری کنسانتره میکس بر مصرف خوراک، فعالیت آنزیمهای هیدرولیتیک، فراسنجههای شکمبهای و آنزیم های کبدی میش های دالاق | ||
تحقیقات تولیدات دامی | ||
دوره 14، شماره 2، مرداد 1404، صفحه 31-46 اصل مقاله (846.65 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22124/ar.2025.26928.1816 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
آیدا تیموری؛ عبدالحکیم توغدری* ؛ تقی قورچی؛ محمد اسدی؛ کوثر قزلسفلی | ||
گروه تغذیه دام و طیور، دانشکده علوم دامی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
چکیده | ||
در این تحقیق، اثر جایگزینی کنجاله سویا و کنجاله پنبهدانه با مکمل تجاری کنسانتره میکس (متشکل از پودر گوشت بدون خون، ضایعات پنبه، سبوس شالی، سبوس گندم، کنجاله جوانه ذرت، پودر پسته و خیساب ذرت) بر مصرف خوراک، فعالیت آنزیمهای هیدرولیتیک، فراسنجههای شکمبهای و آنزیمهای کبدی میشهای دالاق بررسی شد. بدین منظور، از تعداد 21 رأس میش شیرده سه شکم زایش نژاد دالاق با میانگین وزنی 6/2±38 کیلوگرم و شش هفته پس از زایش در سه تیمار و هفت تکرار در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی استفاده شد. تیمارها شامل: جیره حاوی کنجاله سویا، جیره حاوی کنجاله پنبهدانه و جیره حاوی کنسانتره میکس بودند. طول دوره آزمایش برابر با 42 روز بود. نتایج نشان داد که ماده خشک مصرفی در تیمار حاوی کنسانتره میکس نسبت به سایر تیمارها افزایش یافت (05/0>P). افزودن کنسانتره میکس به جیره میشها سبب کاهش معنیدار pH شکمبه و افزایش معنیدار نیتروژن آمونیاکی و جمعیت پروتوزوآی شکمبه نسبت به سایر تیمارها شد (05/0>P). غلظت استات شکمبه تحت تأثیر مصرف کنسانتره میکس کاهش یافت، در حالی که غلظت پروپیونات شکمبه در شکمبه میشهای تیمار حاوی کنسانتره میکس افزایش یافت (05/0>P)، اما غلظت بوتیرات، ایزوبوتیرات، والرات، ایزووالرات و کل اسیدهای چرب فرار شکمبه تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفت. فعالیت آنزیمهای کربوکسیمتیلسلولاز و میکروکریستالینسلولاز در بخشهای جامد، خارج سلولی، درون سلولی و کل شکمبه در تیمارهای حاوی کنجاله سویا و کنجاله پنبهدانه بیشتر از تیمار حاوی کنسانتره میکس بود (05/0>P). اختلاف معنیداری بین تیمارهای مختلف آزمایشی از نظر غلظت آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز، آلانین آمینوترانسفراز و آلکالین فسفاتاز مشاهده نشد. با توجه به نتایج حاضر، کنسانتره میکس را میتوان بهطور کامل جایگزین کنجاله سویا و کنجاله پنبهدانه کرد و تا سطح 15 درصد در جیره میشها استفاده نمود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آنزیم های کبدی؛ کنجاله پنبه دانه؛ کنجاله سویا؛ گوسفند؛ مصرف خوراک | ||
مراجع | ||
Abbasalan, M., Khorvash, M., Mirzaei, M., Reisi, A. A., Mirzaei, M. R., & Hosseini Ghafari, M. (2011). The effect of different levels of healthy cottonseed on performance, carcass yield, and morphology of small intestine villi in Arabi male lambs. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 1(3), 56-62. doi: 10.22067/IJASR.V3I1.10583 [In Persian] Agarwal, N. (2000). Estimation of fibre degrading enzyme. In: Feed Microbiology (eds Chaudhary, L.C., Agarwal, N., Kamra, D.N., and Agarwal D.K.,). CAS Animal Nutrition, IVRI, Izatnagar, India. 283-290. doi: 10.1080/09712119.2000.9706325 Agarwal, N., Saxena, J., Saha, S., Chaudhary, L. C., & Kamra, D. N. (2004). Changes in fermentation characteristics, microbial populations and enzyme profile in the rumen of buffaloes affected by roughage level in the diet. Bubalusbubal, 111, 81-90. doi: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13182 Amirabadi-Farahani, T., Amanlou, H., & Eslamian-Farsuni, N. (2012). Effects of varying crude protein and rumen undegradable protein on performance of Holstein fresh cows. Iranian Journal of Animal science, 42(4), 297-309. doi: 20.1001.1.20084773.1390.42.4.2.4 [In Persian] Asadi, M., Toghdary, A., Ghoorchi, T., & Kargar, Sh. (2018). The effect of physical form of concentrate and buffer type on the activity of some hydrolytic enzymes of different segments of rumen fluid, nitrogen Retention and hematology in Dalagh fattening lambs. Journal of Ruminant Research, 6(1), 127-146. doi: 10.22069/EJRR.2018.14976.1632 [In Persian] Asadi, M., Toghdory, A., Ghoorchi, T., & Kargar, Sh. (2018). Effect of physical form of the concentrate and buffer type on the rumen and blood parameters and microbial protein synthesis in fattening Dalagh lamb. Animal Science Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), 122(1), 143-158. doi: 10.22092/asj.2018.121090.1658 [In Persian] Asadi, M., Ghoorchi, T., Toghdory, A., & Shahi, M. (2021). Effect of replacing different levels of wheat straw with cottonseed plant on performance, digestibility, blood parameters, and rumination behavior in Dalagh ewes. Animal Production Research, 10(2), 63-72. doi: 10.22124/ar.2021.14438.1446 [In Persian] Asadi, M., & Shavandi, M. (2023). Effects of replacing soybean meal with poultry byproduct meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, excreted nitrogen and feeding behavior in Holstein lactating cows. Journal of Animal Environment, 14(4), 55-64. doi: 10.22034/AEJ.2022.306732.2647 [In Persian] Asadi, M., Toghdory, A., Ghoorchi, T., & Hatami, M. (2024). The effect of maternal organic manganese supplementation on performance, immunological status, blood biochemical and antioxidant status of Afshari ewes and their newborn lambs in transition period. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 108(2), 493-499. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13909 Azizi-Shotorkhoft, A., Sharifi, A., Mirmohammadi, D., Baluch-Gharaei, H., & Rezaei, J. (2016). Effects of feeding different levels of corn steep liquor on the performance of fattening lambs. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 100, 109-117. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12342 Bahrami-Yekdangi, H., Khorvash, M., Ghorbani, G. R., Alikhani, M., Jahanian, R., & Bianchi, A. E., Macedo, V. P., França, R. T., Lopes, S. T., Lopes, L. S., Stefani, L. M., & Silva, A. S. (2014). Effect of adding palm oil to the diet of dairy sheep on milk production and composition, function of liver and milk production and composition function of liver and kidney, and the concentration of cholesterol triglycerides and progesterone in blood serum. Small Ruminant Research, 117(1), 78-83. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2013.12.025 Broderick, G. A., & Kang, J. H. (1980). Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media. Journal of Dairy Science, 63, 64-75. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(80)82888-8 Cebra, C. K., Gerry, F. B., Getzy, D. M., & Fettman, M. J. (1997). Hepatic lipidosis in anorectic lactating Holstein cattle. A retrospective study of serum biochemical abnormalities. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 4, 231-237. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00096.x Chegini, R., Kazemi-Bonchenari, M., Khodaei-Motlagh, M., & Khaltabadi-Farahani, A. H. (2020). Evaluation the effects of liquid protein source in sheep diet fed high wheat straw diet on ruminal fermentation, microbial protein, hematology and blood metabolites. Research on Animal Production, 11(27), 57-65. doi: 10.29252/rap.11.27.57 [In Persian] Cochran, R. C., Köster, H. H., Olson, K. C., Heldt, J. S., Mathis, C. P., & Woods, B. C. (1997). Observations regarding the amount and source of degradable intake protein in supplements for beef cattle consuming low-quality forages. In: AFIA Liquid Feed Symposium Proceedings, St. Louis, MO. Pp. 17-30. doi: 10.2527/1999.77102846x Dehority, B. A., & Males, J. R. (1984). Rumen Fluid Osmolality: Evaluation of influence upon the occurrence and numbers of holotrich protozoa in sheep. Journal of Animal Science, 38, 865-870. doi: 10.2527/jas1974.384865x Ferraretto, L. F., Crump, P. M., & Shaver, R. D. (2013). Effect of cereal grain type and corn Freeman, S. R. (2008). Utilization of poultry byproducts as protein sources in ruminant. Food and Agriculture Organization. doi: 3/a-ax255e Gelvin, A. A., Lardy, G. P., Soto-Navarro, S. A., Landblom, D. G., & Caton, J. S. (2004). Effect of field pea-based creep feed on intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and performance by nursing calves grazing native range in western North Dakota. Journal of Animal Science, 82(12), 3589-3599. doi: 10.2527/2004.82123589x Gonzalez, J. J. A., Hernandez, J. R. O., Ibarra, O. O., Gomez, J. J. U., & Fuentes, V. O. (2007). Poultry by-product meal as a feed supplement in mid-lactation dairy cows. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 6, 139-141. doi: 198.170.104.138/medwellonline/java/2007/139-141 Healy, P. J. (1974). Serum alkaline phosphatase activity in phosphatase activity in sheep. Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical Science, 52, 375-385. doi: 10.1038/icb.1974.35 Hristov, A. N., Ivan, M., Rode, L. M., & McAllister, T. A. (2001). Fermentation characteristics and ruminal ciliate protozoal populations in cattle fed medium- or high concentrate barley-based diets. Journal of Animal Science, 79, 515-524. doi: 10.2527/2001.792515x Hurtaud, C., & Peyraud, J. L. (2007). Effects of feeding camelina (seeds or meal) on milk fatty acid composition and butter spread ability. Journal of Dairy Science, 90(11), 5134-5145. doi: 10.3168/jds.2007-0031 Ipharraguerre, I. R., & Clark, J. H. (2005). Impacts of the source and amount of crude protein on the intestinal supply of nitrogen fractions and performance of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 88, 22-37. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73134-9 Jolazadeh, A. R., Dehghan-Banadaky, M., & Rezayazdi, K. (2015). Effects of soybean meal treated with tannins extracted from pistachio hulls on performance, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites and nutrient digestion of Holstein bulls. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 203, 33-40. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.02.005 Kamali, R., Chashnidel, Y., Teimouri, A., Mohajer, M., & Toghdari, A. (2023). Evaluation of poultry by-product meal replacement with soybean meal on growth, microbial population, rumen parameters, blood and microbial protein synthesis of fattening lambs. Animal Science Research, 33(1), 63-76. doi: 10.22034/as.2022.43416.1601 [In Persian] Kamra, D. N., Agarwal, N., & McAllister, T. A. (2010). Screening for compounds enhancing fiber degradation. In: Vercoe, P. E., Makkar, H. P. S., & Schlink A. C., (Eds.). In vitro Screening of Plant Resources for Extra –nutritional attributes in Ruminants: Nuclear and Related Methodologies. IAEA, Dordrecht, the Netherlands. Pp. 85-107. doi: 10.1007/978-90-481-3297-3_6 Karimi-Daeini, H., Kazemi-Bonchenari, M., Khodaei-Motlagh, M., & Moradi, M. H. (2018). Effect of Kelzer, J. M., Kononoff, P. J., Gehman, A. M., Tedeschi, L. O., Karges, K., & Gibson, M. L. (2009). Effects of feeding three types of corn-milling coproducts on milk production and ruminal fermentation of lactating Holstein cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 92(10), 5120-5132. doi: 10.3168/jds.2009-2208 Khalilzad, H. M., Ghoorchi, T., Dastar, B., & Toghdory, A. (2022). Effect of different levels substitution of cottonseed meal with flax meal on the ruminal fibrolytic enzyme activity and blood parameters and immune system in ewes. Research on Animal Production, 13(35), 93-99. doi: 10.52547/rap.13.35.93 [In Persian] Krause, K. M., Combs, D. K., & Beauchemin, K. A. (2002). Effects of forage particle size and grain fermentability in midlactation cows. II. Ruminal pH and chewing activity. Journal of Dairy Science, 85, 1947-1957. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74271-9 Lawrence, R. D., Anderson, J. L., & Clapper, J. A. (2016). Evaluation of camelina meal as a feedstuff for growing dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science, 99(8), 6215-6228. doi: 10.3168/jds.2016-10876 Lobley, G. E., Bremner, D. M., & Zuur, G. (2000). Effects of diet quality on urea fates in sheep as assessed by refined, non-invasive [15N15N] urea kinetics. British Journal of Nutrition, 84, 459-468. doi: 10.1017/s0007114500001768 Maia, M. R., Chaudhary, L. C., Figueres, L., & Wallace, R. J. (2007). Metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids and their toxicity to the microflora of the rumen. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 91, 303-314. doi: 10.1007/s10482-006-9118-2 Martin, C., Ferlay, A., Mosoni, P., Rochette, Y., Chilliard, Y., & Doreau, M. (2016). Increasing linseed supply in dairy cow diets based on hay or corn silage: Effect on enteric methane emission, rumen microbial fermentation, and digestion. Journal of Dairy Science, 99(5), 3445-3456. doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-10110 Mehrani, K., Ghoorchi, T., Toghdory, A., & Rajabi AliAbadi, R. (2021). Effect of different levels of potato on nutrient digestibility, fibrolytic enzyme and ruminal characteristics in Dalagh ewes. Research on Animal Production, 11(30), 49-56. doi: 10.52547/rap.11.30.49 [In Persian] Miller, J. L. (1959). Modified DNS method for reducing sugars. Analytical Chemistry, 31, 426-429. doi: 10.1021/ac60147a030 Mirzaei, A., Chashnidel, Y., & Teimouri Yansari, A. (2024). The effects of different levels of cotton waste on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, quantitative and qualitative carcass traits, blood parameters, and liver enzymes Afshari lambs. Journal of Ruminant Research, 12(2), 93-110. doi: 10.22069/ejrr.2023.21800.1920 [In Persian] Mitchell, P. (1961). Couping of phosphorylation to electron and hydrogen transfer by a chemiosmotic type of mechanism. Nature (London), 191, 144-147. Munasik, C., Sutrisno, I., Anwar, S., & Prayitno, S. (2013). Physical characteristics of pressed complete feed for dairy cattle. International Journal of Science and Engine, 4, 61-65. doi: 10.12777/ijse.4.2.61-65 National Research Council (NRC). (2007). Nutrient requirements of small ruminants. Sheep, goats, cervide and new world camelids. National Academy Press, Washington, DC. Nazari, S., Azizi, A., Kiani, A., & Sharifi, A. (2022). Effect of substituting different levels of Camellina sativa meal instead of soybean meal on performance, rumen fermentation parameters, blood metabolites, and feeding behavior of fattening lambs. Animal Production Research, 11(2), 17-30. doi: 10.22124/AR.2022.21052.1661 [In Persian] Ottenstein, D. M., & Batler, D. A. (1971). Imoroved gas chromatography separation of free acids C2-C5 in dilute solution. Analytical Chemistry, 43, 952-955. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/9.11.673 Raghuvansi, S. K. S., Prasad, P., Tripathi, M. K., Mishra, A. S., Chaturvedi, O. H., Misra, A. K., Saraswat, B. L., & Jakhmola, R. C. (2007). Effect of complete feed blocks or grazing and supplementation of lambs on performance, nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation and rumen microbial enzymes. Animal, 1, 221-226. doi: 10.1017/S1751731107284058 Sajjadi, S., Toghdory, A., Ghoorchi, T., & Asadi M. (2024). The effect of replacing soybean meal with poultry slaughter residue powder on feed intake and rumen parameters of Dalagh dairy ewes. Research on Animal Production, 15(1), 1-12. doi: 10.61186/rap.15.43.1 [In Persian] Santos, F. A. P., Santos, J. E. P., Theurer, C. B., & Huber, J. T. (1998). Effects of umenundegradable protein on dairy cow performance: A 12-year literature review. Journal of Dairy Science, 81(12), 3182-3213. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75884-9 SAS Institute. (2004). User’s Guide. Version 9.1: Statistics. SAS Institute, Cary, NC. Savari, M., Khorvash, M., Amanlou, H., Ghorbani, G. R., Ghasemi, E., Mirzaei, M., & Mohammadi, F. (2017). Effects of the source and level of rumen undegradable protein and corn processing on production performance of dairy cows. Journal of Ruminant Research, 5(3), 41-56. doi: 10.22069/ejrr.2017.13524.1562 [In Persian] Schwab, C. G., & Foster, G. N. (2009). Maximizing milk components and metabolizable protein utilization through amino acid formulation. In: Proceedings of Cornell Nutrition Conferance, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. Pp. 1-15. Shen, J. S., Song, L. J., Sun, H. Z., Wang, B., Chai, Z., Chacher, B., & Liu, J. X. (2015). Effects of corn and soybean meal types on rumen fermentation, nitrogen metabolism and productivity in dairy cows. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 28(3), 351-359 doi: 10.5713/ajas.14.0504 Shingfield, K. J., Ahvenjärvi, S., Toivonen, V., Vanhatalo, A., Huhtanen, P., & Griinari, J. M. (2008). Effect of incremental levels of sunflower-seed oil in the diet on ruminal lipid metabolism in lactating cows. British Journal of Nutrition, 99(5), 971-983. doi: 10.1017/S0007114507853323 Shirazi, J., Ghoorchi, T., Toghdory, A., & Seyed-Almousavi, S. M. M. (2023). Investigating the effect of replacing soybean meal with poultry slaughterhouse waste mixed with rice bran and urea on performance, blood and rumen parameters of fattening lambs. Research on Animal Production, 13(38), 110-117. doi: 10.52547/rap.13.38.110 [In Persian] Sung, H. G., Kobayashi, Y., Chang, J., Ha, A., Hwang, I. H., & Ha, J. K. (2007). Low ruminal pH reduces dietary fiber digestion via reduced microbial attachment. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 20, 200-207. doi: 10.5713/ajas.2007.200 Toghdory, A., Ghoorchi, T., Asadi, M., Amozadeh Araee, K., & Alipour, M. (2024a). The effect of replacing soybean meal with corn germ meal in diet on feed intake, ruminal parameters and blood metabolites of Atabai fattening lambs. Research Journal of Livestock Science, 37(143), 71-84. doi: 10.22092/asj.2023.362376.2316 [In Persian] Toghdory, A., Ghoorchi T., Asadi, M., Amozadeh Araee, K., & Aalipour, M. (2024b). The effect of replacing soybean meal with corn germ meal in the diet on performance, digestibility, rumination behavior and blood parameters of fattening lambs. Research on Animal Production, 15(1), 13-24. doi: 10.61186/rap.15.43.12 [In Persian] Vaithiyanatha, S., Bhatta, R., Mishra, A. S., Prasad, R., Verma, D. L., & Singh, N. P. (2007). Effect of feeding graded levels of Prosopis cineraria leaves on rumen ciliate protozoa, nitrogen balance and microbial protein supply in lambs and kids. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 133, 177-191. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.04.003 Valizadeh, A., Kazemi-Bonchenari, M., Khodaei-Motlagh, M., & Moradi, M. H. (2020). The effect of different RUP: RDP ratios in sheep fed high wheat straw diet on ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, blood metabolites, and microbial protein yield. Journal of Ruminant Research, 8(1), 109-124. doi: 10.22069/EJRR.2020.17432.1728 [In Persian] Walker, R. S., LaMay, D., Davis, J. R., & Bandyk, C. A. (2013). Method of feeding a liquid-protein Wang, C., Liu, J. X., Zhai, S. W., Lai, J. L., & Wu, Y. M. (2008). Effects of rumen-degradable-protein to rumen-undegradable-protein ratio on nitrogen conversion of lactating dairy cows. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A-Animal Science, 58(2), 100-103. doi: 10.1080/09064700802187210 Wang, Z., Cui, Y., Liu, P., Zhao, Y., Wang, L., Liu, Y., & Xie, J. (2017). Small peptides isolated from Wickersham, E. E., Shirley, J. E., Titgemeyer, E. C., Brouck, M. J., DeFrain, J. M., Park, A. F., Johnson, D. E., Yang, C. M. J. (2002). Response of forage fiber degradation by ruminal microorganisms to branchedchain volatile fatty acids, amino acids and dipeptides. Journal of Dairy Science, 85, 1183-1190. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74181-7 Yazdi, M. H., Amanlou, H., & Mahjoubi, E. (2009). Increasing prepartum dietary crude protein using poultry by-product meal dose not influence performance of multiparous Holstein dairy cows. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 12(22), 1448-1454. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2009.1448.1454 | ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 104 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 28 |